农村生态环境治理中公众参与困境研究——以上海崇明生态岛LY村为个案

Study on Public Participation in the Management of Ecological Environment in Rural Areas——A Case Study of LY Village in Chongming Ecological Island of Shanghai

农村生态环境治理已成为全球性话题,倍受公众和学者关注。农村生态环境治理中最大的难点是公众参与问题,公众参与农村生态环境治理对于农村地域发展有深刻意义。公众在"公"领域与"私"领域的态度与行为特征有明显不同。在"公"领域方面,"自上而下"的政治行政环境所造成的公众参与机制不畅使得公众默然地接受政府给予的社区福利;在"私"领域方面,公众更多表现出对农村土地的博弈行为,一方面是追求经济效益最大化,另一方面又受到"自产自销"模式下农副产品安全性的约束。此外,具有参与热情的女性因受到乡土文化约束被边缘化,并被排斥在公众参与网络之外。要真正解构公众参与困境需要建立在深刻认识乡土文化的基础上,重塑公众参与生态环境治理的合理性。

Rural ecological environment governance has become a global topic,which has been concerned by the public and scholars.The biggest difficulty in rural ecological environment governance is public participation,public participation in rural ecological environment governance has profound significance for the development of rural areas.The public’s attitude and behavior in the field of "public" and "private" are obviously different.In the "public" field,the public participation mechanism caused by the "top-down" political and administrative environment is not smooth,which makes the public tacitly accept the community welfare given by the government;in the "private" field,the public shows more game behavior of ecological land,on the one hand,They pursue maximized economic benefits,on the other hand,they are restricted by the safety of agricultural and sideline products under the mode of "self-production and self-marketing".In addition,women with enthusiasm for participation are marginalized due to the constraints of local culture and excluded from the public participation network.To truly deconstruct its participation dilemma,we need to reshape the rationality of public participation based on a deep understanding of local culture.