道德判断中的理性与情感研究

Rationality and Emotion in Moral Judgment

在道德判断过程中,“理性”成为被过度演绎的神话,情感被过度忽视。情感具有重要的道德意义:道德判断的实际过程中我们高度依赖进化获得的、情感相关的“自动驾驶”模式,情感有助于防止我们成为“理性的傻瓜”。道德推理内在地包含了“合‘理性’”与“‘合理’性”两种模式,前者指逻辑严密性而后者指实践适用性。由于不完全信息、有限理性和决策成本三方面的限制,人类的多数决策都只具有“合理”性而非合“理性”,这对道德判断具有重要影响。

In moral judgment,“rationality”becomes an over-interpreted myth,and emotions are over-ignored.Emotions have important moral significance:in the actual process of moral judgment,we are highly dependent on the“autonomous driving”model obtained by evolution and related to emotions.Moral reasoning inherently includes two types:“rationality”and“reasonability”.The former refers to logical rigor and the latter means practical applicability.Due to the limitations of incomplete information,bounded rationality,and decision-making cost,most human decisions are only“reasonable”rather than“rational”,which has an important impact on moral judgment.