考虑不对称性的地铁旅客支付及受偿意愿研究

Willingness to Pay and Willingness to Accept Asymmetry of Subway Passengers

支付意愿与受偿意愿是交通评价及服务水平优化的关键输入参数,但现有关于地铁系统的研究及实证多未考虑两者间的不对称性.针对这一问题,依托成都地铁旅客路径选择SP数据,基于非集计模型,构建并标定了对称同质偏好、不对称同质偏好、对称异质偏好、不对称异质偏好等异构模型;分别从个体及总体水平求解,对比换乘走行时间、换乘等待时间、换乘次数和拥挤乘车时间的支付意愿与受偿意愿.结果表明,受偿意愿与支付意愿的不对称性在总体水平大小及个体间异质性方面皆有体现,参数分布假设对不对称异质偏好模型支付意愿与受偿意愿求解结果影响明显.

Willingness to pay(WTP)and Willingness to accept(WTA)are important input parameters for transit system service optimization and evaluation.However,the existing researches and demonstrations on the subway system have not considered the asymmetry between these two parameters.This paper based on the SP route choice survey data dedicated to Chengdu Metro.Based on discrete choice method,variation models are established and estimated,such as symmetrical non-heterogeneity model,asymmetrical non-heterogeneity model,symmetrical heterogeneity model,asymmetrical heterogeneity model.Individual and overall level WTP and WTA indicators of four attributes derived from above-mentioned models are compared.The results show that the asymmetry between the willingness to pay and the willingness to accept are reflected in both size of overall level and population heterogeneity.The parameter distribution hypothesis of asymmetrical heterogeneity model has an obvious influence on the WTP and the WTA estimation.