思维导图在乳腺癌PICC带管患者早期健康宣教中的应用价值

Application value of mind mapping in the early health education of patients with breast cancer with PICC

目的探讨思维导图在乳腺癌PICC带管患者早期健康宣教中的应用价值。方法选取2017年10月至2018年10月南通大学附属医院诊治的158例乳腺癌患者作为研究对象。患者按入院顺序随机数字法分为观察组和对照组,每组各79例。对照组患者接受常规健康宣教,观察组患者在对照组的基础上辅以思维导图健康宣教护理干预。对比和评估两组患者PICC相关知识掌握情况、自我管理能力、健康教育满意度和PICC导管并发症发生情况等指标。结果干预后,观察组患者PICC导管知识了解来源及程度(t=6.718,P=0.000)、PICC导管使用过程的熟悉程度(t=20.898,P=0.000)及维护PICC导管相关要求(t=12.204,P=0.000)等方面评分与对照组相比显著上升;观察组患者在导管自我监测(t=15.826,P=0.000)、日常活动管理(t=10.419,P=0.000)、维护依从性(t=8.764,P=0.000)和应急处理(t=45.547,P=0.000)等方面评分与对照组显著上调;观察组患者健康教育(t=7.971,P=0.000)、病房环境(t=6.753,P=0.000)、护理人员服务态度(t=15.608,P=0.000)及其宣教熟练程度(t=16.636,P=0.000)和早期宣教效果(t=7.846,P=0.000)等维度评分显著高于对照组患者;化疗期间,观察组患者PICC导管并发症发生率为8.86%,显著低于对照组发生率27.85%(χ~2=9.503,P=0.002)。结论思维导图早期健康宣教护理干预,能有效提高患者PICC知识掌握程度,改善患者导管自我管理能力,优化患者满意度,减少并发症发生,值得临床推广。

Objective To explore the application value of mind mapping in early health education of patients with breast cancer with peripherally inserted central catheter(PICC). Methods 158 breast cancer patients with PICC from October 2017 to October 2018 in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into control group and observation group. The control group(79 cases) received traditional health education and the observation group(79 cases) received mind mapping health education on the basis of the control group. PICC related knowledge, self-management ability, health education satisfaction and PICC catheter complications between the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results After the intervention, the score of the knowledge sources and extent of PICC catheter(t=6.718, P=0.000), the familiarity with the PICC catheter use process(t=20.898, P=0.000) and the requirements for maintaining the PICC catheter(t=12.204, P=0.000) in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group;the self-monitoring(t=15.826, P=0.000), daily activity management(t=10.419, P=0.000), maintenance compliance(t=8.764, P=0.000) and emergency treatment(t=45.547, P=0.000) of patients in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group;the scores of health education(t=7.971, P=0.000), ward environment(t=6.753, P=0.000), nursing staff attitude(t=15.608, P=0.000), education proficiency(t=16.636, P=0.000) and effects of early education(t=7.846, P=0.000) in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group during hospitalization;the incidence of PICC catheter complications in the observation group was 8.86%, significantly lower than the control group of 27.85%(χ~2=9.503, P=0.002). Conclusions Mind mapping in early health education nursing intervention can effectively improve the knowledge mastery of PICC, increase the self-management ability of patients, optimize the satisfaction of patients and reduce the occurrence of complications, which is worth promotion.