阿尔巴斯绒山羊产绒量性状相关基因挖掘的研究

Mining of Cashmere Yield Associated Genes in Alpas Cashmere Goats

绒山羊产绒量主要由遗传决定,产绒量低是制约绒山羊产业化发展的瓶颈。在同一群体中选择高产绒量(>1000 g)和低产绒量(<480 g)的山羊母羊各3只,其年龄均为3周岁,体重约34 kg;每只实验羊全基因组测序深度为30×,每个样本大约测得8×106 SNP。对比高产组和低产组,利用选择性消除区域基因分析方法筛选出18个基因组区域可能与产绒量相关,从这些区域中筛选出选择信号较强的4个羊绒产量性状相关候选基因,分别是CUL1、FBXL3、YY1、EZH2,这些基因参与昼夜节律信号通路、Wnt/β-catenin信号通路和TGF-β信号通路,而这3个信号通路正是参与绒山羊次级毛囊发育的重要信号通路。研究结果表明,以上4个基因和相应的SNP可以作为高产绒量绒山羊的基因组辅助育种标记,有助于缩短高产绒量绒山羊品种选育进程。

The trait of cashmere yield is determined by genetic factors.The low yield of cashmere is the key factor that restricts the cashmere industry development.In this study,a total of six three-year-old female Alpas cashmere goats weighing around 34 kg with low cashmere yield(n=3,<480 g)and high cashmere yield(n=3,>1000 g)were selected from the same population to identify the genomic regions representing selection signatures for cashmere yield trait.For each experimental goat,the high-coverage whole-genome sequencing(30×)was performed,and a total of 8×106 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were obtained.By comparing the high-and low-cashmere-yield goat groups,we identified 18 genomic regions that might contribute to the phenotypes in cashmere yield trait in Alpas cashmere goat populations by using selective sweep method.Candidate genes of cashmere yield underlying strong selection signatures including CUL1,FBXL3,YY1 and EZH2,were identified,which were involved in multiple signaling pathways associated with secondary follicle development of cashmere such as circadian rhythm signaling pathway,Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and TGF-βsignaling pathway.Our results demonstrate the potential of using sequence data in identifying genomic regions that are responsible for economically significant phenotypes in goats,which in turn can be used in the selection of goat breeds for cashmere yield.