老年维持性血液透析患者主要照顾者疾病不确定感现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on the Status of Disease Uncertainty and Influencing Factors of Main Caregivers of Elderly Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

目的:调查老年维持性血液透析(MHD)患者主要照顾者疾病不确定感现状,分析其影响因素,为改善其心理健康状况采取针对性的干预措施提供参考依据。方法:2018年12月1日~2019年4月30日对四川省某三级甲等医院血透中心的168名老年MHD患者主要照顾者进行横断面调查,采用一般资料调查表、中文版疾病不确定感家属量表(MUIS-FM)及社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对调查对象进行资料收集,并进行影响因素分析。结果:老年MHD患者主要照顾者疾病不确定感总分为(88.46±8.17)分,不明确性维度得分最高,为(41.23±4.57)分,社会支持总分为(35.63±7.09)分,主观支持维度得分最高,为(21.06±4.19)分;多元线性回归分析显示,主要照顾者的受教育程度、社会支持、家庭人均月收入及患者透析时间是老年MHD患者主要照顾者疾病不确定感的主要影响因素(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:老年MHD患者主要照顾者疾病不确定感程度较高,医护人员应根据其相关影响因素为患者及照顾者提供个性化的干预措施,以提高老年MHD患者主要照顾者的心理健康水平,对提高照顾者和患者的生活质量均具有重要意义。

Objective:To investigate the status of disease uncertainty among the main caregivers of elderly patients with maintenance hemodialysis(MHD),analyze the influencing factors,and provide reference for targeted intervention measures to improve their psychological status.Methods:From December 1,2018 to April 30,2019,168 cases of main caregivers of elderly patients with MHD in hemodialysis center of a first-class tertiary hospital in Sichuan province were investigated by cross-sectional survey.The researchers collected data and analyzed the influencing factors using general data questionnaire,Chinese version of MUIS-FM and social support rating scale(SSRS).Results:The total score of the main caregivers of the elderly patients with MHD was(88.46±8.17),the highest score of the uncertainty dimension was(41.23±4.57),the total score of social support was(35.63±7.09),and the highest score of the subjective support dimension was(21.06±4.19).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that education level,social support,per capita monthly family income and dialysis time were the main influencing factors for the disease uncertainty of primary caregivers of elderly MHD patients(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion:The main caregivers of elderly patients with MHD have a high degree of disease uncertainty,and medical staff should provide personalized intervention measures for patients and caregivers according to relevant influencing factors,so as to improve the psychological health level of primary caregivers of elderly patients with MHD,which is of great significance to improve the quality of life of both caregivers and patients.