全科医生在我国医疗卫生服务体系中的作用研究

The Role of General Practitioners in China’s Medical and Health System

我国当前正进行新一轮的医药卫生体制改革,全科医生在此次医改中扮演着重要的角色,探讨全科医生在医疗卫生服务体系内的价值,有助于激励各方参与者共同采取措施,促进全科医生服务的发展。本文从基本医疗卫生服务覆盖范围、医疗资源使用情况、就医格局、应对慢性病挑战的局限性、卫生费用流向、医患关系等方面分析了目前我国医疗卫生服务体系面临的挑战,认为全科医生具有以下6个方面作用:有助于我国"人人享有卫生保健"目标的实现;平衡医患间医疗信息的不对称,降低医疗卫生服务体系内过度医疗;有助于形成合理的就医格局,高效使用卫生资源;使医疗服务具有连续性、主动性、互动性,应对慢性病的挑战;注重"疾病预防",使卫生费用的投入得到较好的产出;提升医患关系的和谐度。同时,本文基于上述分析,对我国如何更好地发挥全科医生的作用提出了相应的对策建议。

China is currently carrying out a new round of medical and health system reform,and general practitioners(GPs) play an important role in this medical reform.It is helpful to explore the value of GPs in the medical and health system to encourage various stakeholders to take measures jointly to promote the development of GP services.This article analyzed the current challenges faced by China’s medical and health system from the aspects of basic medical coverage,medical resource utilization,medical treatment pattern,limitations of coping with chronic diseases,health cost flow,and doctor-patient relationship.It was proposed that GPs could play an important role in the following six aspects:to help to achieve the goal of "health care for all" in China;to balance the medical information asymmetry between doctors and patients and reduce excessive medical treatment in the medical system;to contribute to the formation of a reasonable medical treatment pattern and efficient use of health resources;to make medical services continuous,proactive,and interactive to meet the challenges of chronic diseases;to attract the attention to the prevention of diseases,so that the health input would get better output;and to improve the harmony of doctor-patient relationship.On this basis,this paper put forward some corresponding countermeasures and suggestions on how to better play the role of GPs in China.