移植和钾肥对降香黄檀(Dalbergia odorifera)比叶面积和水分利用效率的影响

Effect of Transplanting and Potassium Fertilizer on Specific Leaf Area and Water Use Efficiency of Dalbergia odorifera

为了解降香黄檀叶片性状和水分利用效率(water use efficiency,WUE)对移植和钾肥两种抚育措施的响应,以中幼龄降香黄檀为研究对象开展了移植和钾肥两组试验,测定了比叶面积(specificleafarea,SLA)、WUE及相关因子。结果显示:移植各处理中去半冠不移叶干重最大为0.0613 g,断根不移叶干重最低为0.0487 g,去半冠不移叶面积最大为12.072 cm2;SLA的大小顺序为断根不移>去半冠不移>去半冠移植>CK>全冠移植。随着钾肥用量的增加叶干重、叶面积、SLA均呈增大趋势。在光强为1800μmol·m-2·s-1下,各处理中全冠移的净光合速率(net photosynthetic rate,Pn)高于去半冠不移、去半冠移植和断根不移;蒸腾速率(transpiration rate,Tr)最大的为断根不移;WUE的大小顺序为全冠移植>CK>去半冠移植>去半冠不移>断根不移。WUE随钾肥用量的增加逐渐降低。移植和钾肥处理降香黄檀叶片的SLA、WUE均表现出显著的负相关关系。不同培育措施下,降香黄檀通过改变叶片形态,使SLA和WUE形成相反的趋势,反映了其适应光照、土壤等各种因素的资源利用策略和光合产物累积模式。本研究结果为人工培育降香黄檀提供一定的理论依据。

In order to understand the response of Dalbergia odorifera leaves traits and water use efficiency(WUE)to the two nursing measures of transplantation and potash fertilizer,two groups of trials of transplanting and potash fertilizer were conducted with young Dalbergia odorifera as the research object,and specific leaf area(SLA),WUE and related factors were determined.The results showed that dry weight of half de-crown leaves was the maximum(0.0613 g)and the minimum leaf dry weight was root pruning(0.0487 g);The area of the leaves treated by half de-crown was the maximum(12.072 cm2);The order of SLA was root pruning>half de-crown>half de-crown transplantion>CK>full crown transplantion.With the increase of potash fertilizer application,leaf dry weight,leaf area and specific leaf area(SLA)increased.At the light intensity of 1800μmol·m-2·s-1,the Pn of the full crown transplantion was higher than that of half de-crown,half de-crown transplantion and root pruning;The Tr of root pruning was highest;The order of WUE was full crown transplantion>CK>half de-crown transplantion>half de-crown>root pruning;WUE gradually decreases with the increase of potassium fertilizer usage.There was a significant negative correlation between SLA and WUE of Dalbergia odorifera leaves in transplanted and potash fertilizer.Under different cultivation measures,Dalbergia odorifera changed the shape of the leaves,resulting in the opposite trend of SLA and WUE,reflecting its resource utilization strategies and photosynthetic product accumulation models for adapting to various factors such as light and soil.The results of this study provides a theoretical basis for the artificial cultivation of Dalbergia odorifera.