关于制约当代民族研究的若干重要问题反思——迈向实践社会科学的视野

Reflections on Several Basic Problems of Ethnic Studies in Contemporary China:Toward A Social Science of Practice Perspective

我国民族研究曾深受"阶级分析法"和"民族识别"的影响。这有其历史原因,也有其成效。不过,"阶级分析法"被教条化后,严重制约了民族研究。其后,"文化解释法"被广泛用于民族研究,也不乏成效。但是,民族研究因过于倚重此法,无法全面涵盖当代中国经济、社会、文化与政治转型的实践经验,陷入了新的制约。由此,在新时期,以透视实践经验为导向的社会科学视角,应是民族研究值得探索的方向。

China’s ethnic research has been deeply influenced by"class analysis"and"ethnic identification".This has its historical reasons and has not gone fruitless. However,the method of"class analysis",when dogmatized,severely restricted ethnic studies. After that,the method of"cultural interpretation"has been widely used,not without some achievement. However,because ethnic studies rely too much on this method,they cannot fully cover the practical experiences of the economic,social,cultural,and political transformation in contemporary China,which means that they are also restricted,but in a different way. In the current new era,the perspective of social science oriented by practical experience is a direction worth exploring for ethnic studies.