基于“二胎政策”的高龄产妇孕前保健知识认知现状调查及措施

The investigation and measures on the knowledge of pre-pregnancy health among the elderly pregnant women based on the "Two-Child Policy"

目的探讨基于"二胎政策"的高龄产妇孕前保健知识认知现状及孕前保健措施。方法以2014年1月-2018年12月在本院产科分娩二胎的2145例高龄经产妇作为研究对象。通过查阅相关文献及组织有关专家讨论后自行设计高龄二胎产妇孕前保健知识知信行调查问卷,通过问卷调查结果提出相应解决方案。结果本次研究共发出2145份调查问卷,回收问卷2131份(99.35%),有效问卷2121份(99.53%)。高龄二胎经产妇对孕前及孕期饮食、运动、性生活注意事项认知最深,对染色体检查认知最浅;高龄二胎经产妇对孕前保健相关知识总认知优良率为78.69%;文化程度、家庭月收入及医疗费用支付方式均可能为导致高龄二胎经产妇孕前保健知识认知较差的相关因素(P<0.05);高中以下、家庭月收入<5000元及其他医疗费用支付方式为高龄二胎经产妇孕前保健知识认知较差的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论高龄二胎产妇孕前保健服务的宣传力度有待提高,同时应增强经产妇孕前保健意识以达到优生优育。

Objective To explore the cognitive status about pre-pregnancy health care knowledge and pre-pregnancy health care measures for elderly parturient women based on the"two-child policy".Methods Between January 2014 and December 2018,a total of2,145 Elderly parturient who gave birth to their second child in our hospital were selected.After consulting relevant literature and experts,the questionnaire for pre-pregnancy health care was designed and the corresponding measures was carried out through questionnaire survey results.Results A total of 2,145 questionnaires were sent out,and 2,131(99.35%)questionnaires were collected,including2,121(99.53%)valid questionnaires.The awareness rates of knowledge including diet,exercise and precautions in sexual life before and during pregnancy were the highest,while the awareness rate of chromosome examination was the lowest.The total cognition rate about prenatal care among the women was 78.69%.Educational level,monthly family income and payment of medical expenses were the related factors that led to poor awareness of pre-pregnancy health care knowledge of elderly second-born women(P<0.05).Lower than senior high school,monthly family income<5000 Yuan and other medical expenses are the independent risk factors of poor awareness of pre-pregnancy health care knowledge of elderly second-born women(P<0.05).Conclusion The publicity of pre-pregnancy health care for the elderly women with two children needs to be improved,and the awareness of pre-pregnancy health care should be enhanced to achieve good birth and post-natal care.