麦克风数量与阵型对声源定位性能的影响

Influence of array and the number of microphones on the localization performance of sound source

声源定位系统中,麦克风阵列中阵型与阵列中麦克风数量对声源定位性能有很大影响,为此,综合对比了部分经典的用于声源定位算法的麦克风阵列距离、方向角、俯仰角定位性能,验证七元空间交叉阵模型在俯仰角和方向角定位上表现出良好的性能,但测距性能有待提高。进而提出一种全新的七元立体阵列模型,实验结果表明,该模型在不增加阵列体积和阵列中麦克风数量的基础上,表现出与七元空间交叉阵模型相同的俯仰角与方向角定位性能,且测距性能更好。其实验结果表明,麦克风数量的增加与定位性能的提升并不是线性关系,而是逐渐减慢的,因此单纯地增加麦克风数量并不会使定位性能大幅度提升。

In the sound source location system, the array shape and the number of microphones influence on localization performance. Distance, elevation angles and orientation angles localization performance of some classical microphone arrays used for sound source localization algorithm are comprehensively compared and analyzed. Results show that the seven-element spatial cross-array model performs well in estimating elevation angles and orientation angles, but the distance estimating needs to be improved. So, a whole new seven-elements spatial array mode is proposed and selected as the microphone array, which gets not only a performance closed to the former model in estimating elevation angles and orientation angles, but also a better ranging performance without increasing the array size and the number of microphones in the array. In addition, Simulation results prove that the increase of the number of microphones is not linear to the improvement of localization performance, but gradually slows down. Therefore, simply increasing the number of microphones will not greatly improve the localization performance.