陈澧《东塾读书记》的经学主旨

The Scripture Purport of Reading Notes at Dongshu by Chen Li

陈澧《东塾读书记》为近代经学名著,所记皆经学研究的前沿问题。其书提出“《孝经》为道之根源,六艺之总会”,主张经书排序以《孝经》为先。强调学习《周易》“不必驰心于虚眇”,认为“卦气”“纳甲”“爻辰”“先天”等象数易学皆不可信,学《易》当以义理为正宗,对于惠栋恢复汉代象数易学不以为然。在尚书学上,支持赵翼的主张,质疑郑玄“别有《舜典》已亡”之说。在诗经学上,对于《诗经·小序》原序、续序作者的认定,远较前人精细。在春秋学上,主张以《左传》为主,以实证推翻“《左氏》不传《春秋》”之说。陈澧《东塾读书记》所论皆公允平实,言而有据。这是一部可以比肩顾炎武《日知录》的著作。

Reading Notes at Dongshu by Chen Li is deemed as a contemporary masterpiece as it seeks to tackle the research frontiers in Confucian Classics studies.This monograph regards the piety scripture as the origin of Confucianism and the convergence of Six Arts.Besides,it is maintained in the monograph that the piety scripture be given top priority when it comes to ranking Confucian scriptures.Moreover,it is highlighted that one should not be addicted to futility and particularly the image-numberology of Book of Change studies,such as theories like Gua-qi(卦气),Na-jia(纳甲),Yao-chen(爻辰),Xian-tian(先天),be unreliable.Notably,this monograph attaches the utmost importance to philosophical connotations in Book of Change studies,and casts a disapprobatory glance at Hui Dong(惠栋)’s reviving image-numberology in Han dynasty proposal.In Shang Shu(尚书)studies,the author advocates Zhao Yi(赵翼)’s claims and casts doubt on Zheng Xuan(郑玄)’s doctrine“the epactal Shun Dian(舜典)has disappeared.”In the Book of Songs studies,this monograph shows more sophistication in cognizance of the authors of the preface and subsequent preface of the Book of Songs·short preface(《诗经·小序》).In the study of Spring and autumn annals,it asserts Zu Zhuan(左传)to be the main source of research and it proposes to evidence-basedly refute the doctrine that“Zu Zhuan(左传)is not consistent with Spring and autumn annals.”In sum,the discourse in Reading Notes at Dongshu by Chen Li is just,natural and grounded in fact.This exceptional monograph shall be placed on a par with Rizhilu(日知录)by GùYánwǔ(顾炎武).