东亚儒学视域下《孟子》在日本的传播:接受、批判与再阐释

The Spread of Mencius in Japan: Acceptance,Criticizing and Re-interpretation from an East Asian Confucianism Perspective

从东亚儒学的视域来看,《孟子》在日本的传播是一个接受、批判与再阐释的历史过程。日本古代时期律令史书对《孟子》的接受主要表现为对其词句的引用;中世时期的五山禅林对《孟子》的批判则体现出佛儒二教合一的思想倾向;近世时期传入日本的《孟子》文献日趋多样性的同时,在朱子学、古学、阳明学思潮下,儒学者们开始了对《孟子》的再阐释。通过《孟子》的传播轨迹不仅可以看到日本在不同历史阶段对孟子思想认识的多元性,还体现了东亚儒学连续性与整体性的特质。

The spread of Mencius in Japan was a process involving phases of acceptance,criticizing and re-interpretation.In ancient times,the acceptance of Mencius can be found in the borrowing and imitating words and expressions from the text of Mencius in the books of law and history by Japanese intellectuals.In the transition period of Zen Lin,a trend of integration between Buddhism and Confucianism among Gosan Buddhist Monks can be found in their criticism on Mencius.In early modern Japan,large numbers of texts on Mencius appeared.In the meantime,Japanese Confucian intellectuals began to re-interpret Mencius in the intellectual trend of Zhuxi’s Philosophy,Ancient Studies,and Yangmingism.The study on the spread of Mencius in Japan reflects both the multiplicity in understanding Mencius in its different historical periods and the characteristics of continuality and integrity of East Asian Confucianism.