全域旅游背景下旅游城镇化响应强度时空演变及影响机制——以中国西部地区12个省份为例

Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Tourism Urbanization Response Intensity in Western China and Its Influencing Mechanism under the Background of Global Tourism

构建旅游城镇化响应系数,对中国西部12个省份2000—2018年旅游城镇化响应强度进行测量,分析其时空演变特征,结合面板数据剖析其影响机制。研究发现:(1)从时间维度上,旅游城镇化响应强度总体呈上升趋势,相对差距逐步减小,具有阶段性特征,大体分为快速响应—稳步推进—调整发展3个阶段,响应类型的等级结构从“纺锤体”转向“金字塔”型。(2)空间维度上,旅游城镇化响应强度呈“南高北低、东高西低”的分布特征,高响应省份呈“点状”离散分布于贵州、云南、西藏等省份,低响应省份呈“片状”集中于区域北部,旅游城镇化的重心位于区域西南部,具有较弱的集聚性。(3)影响机制上,各因变量与自变量省域经济水平和投资强度存在协整关系,旅游资源的作用存在两面性,省域经济水平具有显著的正向关系,省域投资强度的作用不太显著,交通条件存在一定的负向关系。

Constructing the response coefficient of tourism urbanization,this paper measures the response intensity of tourism urbanization in 12 western provinces from 2000 to 2018,and analyzes its spatio-temporal evolution characteristics.The results show that:(1)In the time dimension,the response intensity of tourism urbanization is generally on the rise,the relative gap is gradually decreasing,with the characteristics of stages.It can be divided into three stages:rapid response-steady progress-adjustment and development.The hierarchical structure of tourism urbanization response type changes from“spindle”to“pyramid”.(2)In the spatial dimension,the response intensity of tourism urbanization is“high in the south and low in the north,high in the east and low in the west”.The high-response provinces are“dotted”scattered in Guizhou and other provinces.The low-response provinces are“sheet”concentrated in the north of the region,and the focus of tourism urbanization is located in the southwest of the region,with a weak agglomeration.(3)In the impact mechanism,the variables are stationary after the first-order difference,and there is a cointegration relationship between the interpreted variables and the provincial economic level and investment intensity.In addition,the impact of tourism resources on tourism urbanization has two sides,provincial economic level has a significant positive relationship.The effect of degree of provincial investment is not very significant,and there is a certain negative relationship between traffic conditions.