明代河南清真寺数目考订及其空间分布特征分析

Analysis on the Number and Spatial Distribution of the Henan Mosques in Ming Dynasty

运用数理统计及GIS空间分析对明代河南清真寺数目进行考订并分析清真寺空间分布特征。结果表明:明代河南清真寺数目已达140坊,遍布河南各府州,呈现出“大分散”格局,且分布具有非均衡性,在开封、怀庆府形成2个极核区,在南阳、归德府形成2个次级密集区,且全省清真寺分布密度以这4个密集区为中心,形成了逐级递减的圈层结构。清真寺的修建与流域分布密切相关,沿颍水、汝水、沙河、涡水、唐河等主要航运河道分布的清真寺较多,约占总数的57%。地理学的空间格局分析直观地呈现出明代河南清真寺已由元代“小集中”转变为“小集聚,大分散”的分布特征。

By using mathematical statistics method and GIS spatial analysis method to examine and correct the number of mosques in Henan Province and analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of the mosques,the following conclusions could be drawn:The number of mosques in Ming Dynasty has reached 140.The mosques have spread all over the various prefectures of Henan in Ming Dynasty,two polar regions are formed in Kaifeng and Huaiqing,two sub-dense areas are formed in Nanyang and Guide,and concentration areas were taken as the center,forming a gradually decreasing circle distribution structure,and the density of mosques of Henan is centered on these four dense areas,forming a gradually decreasing circle distribution structure.The construction of mosques is closely related to the distribution of the river basins and more mosques distributed along the main shipping channels such as Yingshui,Rushui,Shahe,Guoshui and Tanghe,about 57%of the total.The analysis of spatial pattern of this geography has obvious advantages and intuitively shows that the distribution of the mosques of Henan in the Ming Dynasty has changed from the“small concentration”in Yuan Dynasty to the distribution of“small concentration and large dispersion”.