TGF-β信号通路介导胃癌EMT的研究进展

Research progress on TGF-β signaling pathway in mediating EMT of gastric cancer

胃癌是全世界最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,由于缺乏早期典型症状,很多患者确诊时已经处于进展期,胃癌的主要治疗手段还是手术及化疗,五年生存率较低,大约处于20%~30%。胃癌又是一种异质性很强的恶性肿瘤,在种族、地域以至于个体之间,甚至于同一个体内的不同空间(如原发灶和转移灶)和时间节点(如初发病灶和复发病灶)在分子基因学以及肿瘤微环境等方面也不尽相同。探究胃癌发生、发展机制对胃癌治疗具有重要意义。上皮间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)是一种复杂的分子程序,多项研究表明EMT的异常活化与肿瘤的发生、侵袭、转移密切相关。转化生长因子-β(transforming growth factor-β,TGF-β)被认为是促进EMT的发生和肿瘤转移不可缺少的诱导因子,靶向TGF-β信号通路及其调节因子可能是预防和治疗胃癌的潜在策略。本文就TGF-β信号通路介导胃癌EMT的研究进展及作用于TGF-β信号通路的诱导剂及抑制剂作一综述。

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world.Due to the lack of early typical symptoms,many patients are already in advanced stage of diagnosis.The main treatment for gastric cancer is surgery and chemotherapy.The five-year survival rate is low,about 20%~30%.Gastric cancer is also a heterogeneous malignant tumor,in races,regions,individuals,and even in different spaces in the same body(such as primary and metastatic)and time nodes(such as initial lesions and recurrence).The lesions are also different in terms of molecular genetics and tumor microenvironment.Exploring the mechanism of gastric cancer occurrence and development is of great significance for the treatment of gastric cancer.Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)is a complex molecular procedure.Several studies have shown that abnormal activation of EMT is closely related to tumorigenesis,invasion and metastasis.Transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)is considered to be an inducible factor to promote the occurrence of EMT and tumor metastasis.Targeting TGF-βsignaling pathway and its regulatory factors may be potential strategies for the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer.This article reviews the progress of TGF-βsignaling pathway in mediating EMT of gastric cancer and the inducers and inhibitors of TGF-βsignaling pathway.