职业病患者生存质量及延续护理服务需求调查分析

Investigation on life quality of patients with occupational disease and their needs for continuing nursing service

[目的]了解深圳地区职业病患者生存质量情况及延续护理服务需求,为延续护理服务方案的制定提供依据。[方法]应用世界卫生组织生存质量评估简表(WHOQOL-BREF)、延续护理服务需求调查问卷,对在某医院住院的234例职业病患者进行问卷调查,并对调查结果进行统计学分析。[结果] 234名职业病患者平均年龄(44.43±10.41)岁。女性、年龄<40岁、教育程度低、家庭月收入低、治疗年限长、尘肺病患者,以及不佩戴防护用品的职业病患者的WHOQOL-BREF生存质量得分较低(P <0.01)。职业病患者生理维度、心理维度、社会关系维度、环境维度等4个维度得分均低于2010年中国成人(平均年龄为43.8岁)常模,且差异有统计学意义(P <0.01)。多次反复住院、出院给予康复指导、定期复查、希望可以得到专业的延续护理服务的患者占多数。选择延续护理服务模式时,希望定期门诊复查的最多。[结论]深圳地区职业病患者生存质量及健康状况的主观评价不佳,他们对延续护理服务需求强烈。

[Objective] To understand the quality of life of patients with occupational disease in Shenzhen and their demand for continuing care services,so as to provide evidence and orientation for the formulation of further continuing care service programs.[Methods] Totally 234 hospitalized patients with occupational diseases in a hospital were investigated with both WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire and questionnaire on continuous nursing service. [Results] The average age of 234 patients with occupational diseases was(44.43 ± 10.41) years. The scores of physiological dimension,psychological dimension,social relationship dimension and environmental dimension of these patients were statistically significant lower than the norm values of Chinese adults(average age 43.8 years) in 2010(P < 0.01). The patients,who were female,aged < 40 years old,with low education level and low family monthly income,suffering long time diseases,or pneumoconiosis,without use of protective equipment during their employment,had lower scores(P < 0.01). The majority of patients had experience of repeated hospitalization,receiving rehabilitation guidance after being discharged from hospital,and regular re-examined. They expected to receive professional continuous nursing services and hoped to have regular outpatient re-examination in convenient way.[Conclusion] The quality of life of these patients in Shenzhen is not optimistic,and they have a strong demand for continuous nursing services.