几种添加物对铜胁迫下大蒜生长的影响

Effect of additives on garlic growth under different copper polluted purple soil

为了探索几种添加物对铜胁迫下大蒜生长的影响,将啤酒酵母菌(J)、活性硅酸钙(G)和膨润土(T)分别以1%的质量比加入到紫色土(PS)中,形成PS(对照)、PSJ、PSG和PST四种混合土样。采用盆栽试验研究大蒜在不同Cu2+污染(0、50、100、200和500 mg·L^-1)混合土样中的发芽率、株高、各部分生物量和铜富集量,并探讨各生长指标间的相关性。结果显示,(1)Cu^2+浓度为0~500 mg·L^-1时,大蒜在PS、PSJ、PSG和PST土样上的发芽率均为100%。PS、PSG和PST上生长的大蒜株高随着Cu2+浓度的增加而降低;而PSJ上的大蒜株高随Cu2+浓度的增加而增加。PS、PSG和PST土样上的大蒜株高均明显高于PSJ。(2)PSJ和PST土样对大蒜地上部鲜质量与干质量的增加都有一定的促进能力,且促进强度在Cu^2+浓度200 mg·L^-1时最高,而Cu^2+污染的PS和PSG土样对大蒜生长均有不同程度的抑制作用。(3)PS、PSG和PST的大蒜根系对Cu^2+污染紫色土的适应能力相比PSJ强;相同Cu2+浓度条件下,PST土样更有利于大蒜根系生长。(4)大蒜各生长指标之间均保持正相关性,且相关性呈现PST>PSJ和PSG>PS的趋势。大蒜中铜富集量均随Cu2+污染浓度的增加而增加,表现出PS>PSJ>PSG>PST的趋势,且大蒜根部对铜的富集能力更强。

To explore the effect of additives on garlic growth under different copper stress,Saccharomyces cerevisiae(J),active calcium silicate(G)and bentonite(T)were respectively added into purple soil(PS)with a mass ratio of 1%to form four mixed soil samples such as PS(control experiment),PSJ,PSG and PST.The germination rate,plant height,biomass and Cu accumulation of garlic on mixed soil samples polluted with different Cu^2+(0、50、100、200 and 500 mg·L^-1)were compared by potted experiment,and the correlations among the various physiological indicators were analyzed.The results indicated:(1)The germination rate of garlic on PS,PSJ,PSG and PST were all 100%with the concentration of Cu^2+of 0-500 mg·L^-1.The plant height of garlic on PS,PSG and PST decreased with the increase of Cu^2+concentrations,while the height of garlic on PSJ increased with the increase of Cu2+concentrations.The plant height of garlic on PS,PSG and PST were significantly higher than that of PSJ.(2)PSJ and PST soil samples promoted the fresh and dry weight of garlic to some extent,and the promoted effect presented best when the Cu^2+concentration was 200 mg·L^-1,while PS and PSG polluted by Cu^2+showed inhibitory effects on garlic.(3)The adaptability of garlic roots of PS,PSG and PST to Cu^2+polluted purple soil were better than that of PSJ.At the same Cu2+concentration,PST soil sample was most beneficial to the root growth of garlic.(4)The growth indexes of garlic on Cu2+polluted soil samples maintained positive correlation,and the the highest correlation was PST,followed by PSJ and PSG,and the lowest was PS.The Cu enrichment amount in garlic increased with the increase of Cu^2+concentration,showing a trend of PS>PSJ>PSG>PST,and the enrichment capacity of Cu in garlic root was the strongest.