优化中华鲟产卵场水动力环境的梯级水库联合调度研究

Research on joint operation of cascade reservoirs to optimize hydrodynamic environment for Chinese sturgeon spawning ground

为保护中华鲟资源,修复其产卵场水动力环境,通过资料调查、数值模拟等方法,明确三峡葛洲坝梯级水库联合运行前后葛洲坝下中华鲟产卵场水动力环境演变趋势,构建优化中华鲟产卵场水动力环境的梯级水库联合调度模型。对比分析2010年中华鲟产卵期(10—12月)梯级水库实际调度过程与优化调度,得出结论:三峡葛洲坝联合优化调度方案在满足梯级水库常规调度目标的同时,可有效提高中华鲟产卵场产卵适合度,优化产卵场水动力环境,增加中华鲟自然繁殖的概率,有效保护中华鲟资源。

A cascade reservoir joint operation model for optimizing the hydrodynamic environment of the Chinese sturgeon spawning ground was constructed to protect the Chinese sturgeon resources and restore the hydrodynamic environment of the spawning ground.The evolution trend of the hydrodynamic environment in the spawning ground downstream of the Gezhouba dam before and after the joint operation of the Three Gorges-Gezhouba cascade reservoirs was clarified by means of data investigation and numerical simulation.Through comparative analysis of the actual operation and optimal operation of the cascade reservoirs during the Chinese sturgeon spawning period in 2010(Oct.to Dec.),it is concluded that the Three Gorges-Gezhouba joint optimal operation can effectively improve the Chinese sturgeon spawning fitness and can optimize the hydrodynamic environment of the spawning ground while meeting the conventional operation targets of the cascade reservoirs.The joint optimal operation can increase the natural breeding probability of the Chinese sturgeon and can effectively protect the Chinese sturgeon resources.