散热风机无位置传感器控制器设计

Design of Position Sensorless Controller for Cooling Fan

无刷直流风机大量应用在电子设备的散热系统中,通常要求风机体积小、风量大、调速方便。该文针对一款12 V无刷直流风机设计控制器,为了降低风机控制器的成本、缩小体积,所有电子元器件均采用表贴式国产化产品,控制器采用无位置传感器方波控制算法,风机通过反电势过零点判断换相位置,采用"三段式"起动。最后生产风机并搭建实验平台,对风机的起动性能、风压和流量进行测试,实验结果验证了控制器方案的合理性。

Brushless DC fans are widely used in the heat dissipation system of electronic equipment. The fan is usually required to be small in volume,large in air volume and integrated speed regulation. This paper designs a controller for a 12 V brushless DC fan. In order to reduce the cost and the volume of the fan controller,all electronic components are surface mounted devices(SMD) which made in China,and the controller adopts the square wave control algorithm without position sensor. The commutation position of the fan is determined by the zero-point crossing of the back potential,and "three-stage" starting is adopted. Finally,the fan is manufactured and the experimental platform is built. The performance of speed regulation,wind pressure and flow rate of the fan are tested. Experimental results verify the rationality of the controller scheme.