考虑状态相关服务的城市交叉口离散事件仿真建模

Discrete Event Simulation Modeling of Urban Intersection Considering State-dependent Services

准确模拟交叉口处车辆运行,对交叉口信号配时优化、交叉口设计等具有重要意义。交叉口排队建模可以较为准确地模拟车辆到达及交叉口服务过程。位相型分布(PH分布),可以无限逼近任意到达和服务规律,车辆到达交叉口时交叉口处容量有限,且车辆通过交叉口时,通过时间具有状态相关性。本文考虑以上三点,建立PH/PH(n)/C1/C2的交叉口排队模型,将城市交叉口抽象为离散事件仿真模型,根据PH分布随机变量计算车辆到达过程和交叉口服务过程。文中提出的离散仿真模型充分考虑了车道服务的状态相关性,并利用Simulink构建了考虑状态相关服务的城市交叉口离散事件仿真模型。仿真结果表明考虑状态相关服务的离散事件仿真,可以较好地反映出交叉口处车辆通过的周期性,较为客观地反映交叉口车辆运行情况。

Accurate simulation of vehicle operation at intersections is of great significance in signal-timing optimization and intersection design.The queuing model of an intersection can accurately simulate the arrival of vehicles and the services of the intersection.First,Phase-Type(PH)queuing model can proximally access arbitrary reaching laws and service laws.Second,when vehicles arrive at an intersection,the capacity of the intersection is limited.Third,when a vehicle passes through an intersection,the passing time is state-dependent.Considering these three points,a queuing model of PH/PH(n)/C1/C2 is established.The intersection is translated into DES(Discrete-Event Simulation)models,in which the arrival and service processes of the vehicles are based on the PH random variations.The proposed DES model fully considers the state-dependence of lane service.Simulink is used to build the simulation model,and finally,the DES model of an intersection considering state-related services is established.The results show that the proposed model can accurately represent the periodicity of vehicles passing through an intersection and objectively reflect the vehicular traffic situation.