海洋污损细菌分离纯化及金属离子抑菌研究

Separation and purification of marine fouling bacteria and inhibition of metal ions

为了研究海洋生物污损对船体和海洋工程的影响,作者将热喷涂镀钴基、镍基及含铜氧化钛基膜的船用厚钢板试样片放置在海水中,利用振荡培养箱模拟海洋环境,进行晃片培养。分离纯化镀膜钢片表面上的细菌,研究早期污损细菌的生长规律,通过革兰氏染色、生理生化实验对细菌进行鉴定,伯杰氏系统细菌学手册查证。采用纸片法测定抑菌圈,研究铜、钴、镍3种金属离子对污损细菌的影响,观察不同离子浓度的抑菌圈。研究结果表明:早期海洋污损细菌有G+芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、G^+芽孢乳杆菌属(Sporolactobacillus)、G^+无芽孢杆菌(Bacilli)、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)、G^+无芽孢丝状菌、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)6类;其中G^+细菌首先吸附;Cu^2+的最佳抑制质量浓度为30 g/L, Co^2+的最佳抑制质量浓度为80 g/L, Ni^2+的最佳抑制质量浓度为110 g/L。

Marine biofouling has dramatic impacts on hull and ocean engineering.Samples of thick marine steel plates hot sprayed with cobalt-,nickel-,and copper-titanium-containing film coatings were placed in sea water.The sea environment was simulated by a shaking incubator.The bacteria on the surface of the coated steel sheet were separated and purified,and the growth curve of early fouling bacteria was studied.The bacteria were identified by Gram staining and physiological and biochemical experiments.Bacteria were also identified according to Berger’s systematic bacteriology manual.The inhibition zone was determined by the paper method;the effects of three metal ions,copper,cobalt,and nickel,on one strain of bacteria were studied,and the inhibition zone at different ion concentrations was observed.The results showed that in the early marine fouling stage,the bacteria included G^+Bacillus,G+non-Bacillus,Staphylococcus,G^+nonspore-forming filamentous fungi,and Pseudomonas;G^+bacteria were adsorbed first.The optimal inhibitory concentrations of Cu^2+,Co^2+,and Ni^2+were 30,80,and 110 g/L,respectively.