马氏珠母贝黄壳色家系的生长、壳色分离及总抗氧化能力比较

Growth, shell color segregation, and total antioxidant capacity studies of yellow shell color families selected from Pinctada fucata martensii

以马氏珠母贝(Pinctada fucata martensii)黄壳色作为选育指标构建了黄壳家系,对其4个生长性状和黄壳色性状分离比进行了统计分析,并测定了黄壳家系中黄壳、褐壳色个体不同组织中的总抗氧化能力(TAC)。结果发现:黄壳色性状能遗传并发生分离,其分离不完全符合孟德尔遗传分离定律;褐壳色亲本不会产生黄壳色子代,推测褐壳色是纯合子;第一代黄壳家系5、7月龄贝仅壳宽值显著小于褐壳家系(P<0.05),壳高、壳长、总质量差异不显著,11月龄贝仅壳长和壳宽值显著小于褐壳家系,14、20月龄贝的壳高、壳长、壳宽、总质量这4个生长性状均极显著小于褐壳家系(P<0.01);在第一代6个黄壳家系内,黄壳、褐壳色个体的4个生长性状差异不显著;黄壳色贝在足、心、性腺中的TAC显著低于褐壳色贝(P<0.05);在鳃、闭壳肌、消化腺组织中TAC高于褐壳色贝,但差异不显著。

Pinctada fucata martensii families selected for yellow shell color oysters were established,and statistical analyses were performed on four growth traits,shell color segregation ratios,and the total antioxidant capacity(TAC)in different tissues.Results showed that the inheritable yellow shell color trait may not completely conform to Mendel’s law of genetic segregation,and brown shell parents could not produce yellow shell offspring in the second-generation families,which suggested that brown shell color is a homozygote.Furthermore,only shell width(SW)of the F1 yellow shell families was significantly lower than that of other brown shell families at ages of 5 and 7 months(P<0.05),and only shell length(SL)and SW were found to be significantly lower at the age of 11 months,whereas all growth traits such as shell height(SH),SL,SW,and total weight(TW)were lower at ages of 14 and 20 months(P<0.01).The four growth traits of the yellow and brown shell individuals exhibited no significant differences in the F1 yellow shell families.Results of the ferric-ion-reducing antioxidant power(FRAP)method demonstrated that the TAC values in the foot,heart,and gonad tissues from yellow shell oysters were lower than those from brown shell individuals(P<0.05),whereas those in the gill,adductor muscle,and digestive gland from yellow shell oysters were higher than those from brown shell oysters with no significant differences.