乳腺癌患者术后自我效能感对早期功能锻炼依从性的影响

The perceived self-efficacy on early functional exercise adherence among postoperative breast cancer patients

目的调查乳腺癌患者术后自我效能感与早期功能锻炼依从性的现状,并探讨二者之间的关系。方法于2018年12月至2019年2月在四川省8家综合医院收集行乳腺癌改良根治术后2个月的女性乳腺癌患者298例为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、癌症自我管理效能感量表(SUPPH)和乳腺癌术后功能锻炼依从性量表进行问卷调查。结果乳腺癌术后患者的自我效能感总分为(95.18±22.52)分,其中正性态度、自我减压和自我决策分别为(51.54±12.37)、(33.34±8.51)和(10.30±2.50)分。功能锻炼依从性总分为(49.16±7.95)分,其中身体锻炼依从性、术后注意事项依从性和主动寻求建议依从性分别为(23.17±4.06)、(14.61±3.04)和(11.38±2.85)分。总体自我效能感与总体功能锻炼依从性呈正相关(r=0.521,P<0.001)。年龄、学历、是否有未成年子女和正性态度是乳腺癌患者术后功能锻炼依从性的主要影响因素(R^2=0.456,F=65.116,P<0.001)。结论建议加强对高年龄段、低学历以及无未成年子女患者的心理关怀和健康教育,从提升正性态度改善自我效能感出发,促进功能锻炼依从性的提高。

Objective To investigate the relationship between perceived self-efficacy and functional exercise adherence among postoperative breast cancer patients.Methods From December 2018 to February 2019,298 female patients with breast cancer underwent radical modified radical surgery at 8 comprehensive hospitals of Sichuan province were recruited in the study.Data collection was accomplished by using general information questionnaires,including questionnaires on strategies used by people to promote health(SUPPH)and postoperative functional exercise adherence scale.Results The total score of perceived self-efficacy was(95.18±22.52),including positive attitude dimension(51.54±12.37),self decompression dimension(33.34±8.51)and self decision dimension(10.30±2.50).The total score of functional exercise adherence was(49.16±7.95),including physical exercise adherence dimension(23.17±4.06),following the precautions adherence dimension(14.61±3.04)and actively seeking advice adherence dimension(11.38±2.85).The perceived self-efficacy has a positive effect on functional exercise adherence(r=0.521,P<0.001).Multiple linear stepwise regression showed that the age,education,whether having minor children and positive attitude were the influencing factors for patients'functional exercise adherence(R^2=0.456,F=65.116,P<0.001).Conclusions Findings of the study showed that personal factors,such as older age,low level of education,having no minor children had negative impact on patients'adherence to functional exercises.Future study should focus on patients who need help to adhere to functional exercises and provide targeted intervention on improving positive attitude and self-efficacy to promote patients'adherence to functional exercises.