基于DEA模型的全国贫困地区产业扶贫的绩效评价研究

Research on Performance Evaluation of Industrial Poverty Alleviation in Poverty Areas in China Based on DEA Model

本文为了弥补以往研究中对产业扶贫效果评估的定性分析主观性较大的缺陷,运用BCC-DEA模型,从减贫效果、收入、基础建设、教育医疗、环境卫生角度确定投入与输出指标,构建产业扶贫效果评估指标体系,对全国21个省2014~2017年的面板数据进行定量分析。研究发现:第一,我国产业扶贫效果区域性比较显著,偏南的贫困地区产业扶贫绩效明显好于偏北的贫困地区。东部地区的扶贫绩效稳定,西部地区的扶贫绩效比较显著但波动性较大,中部地区的扶贫绩效不显著;第二,DEA无效的省份占绝大多数,且规模效率偏低是导致整体产业扶贫效率无效的主要原因,表明产业扶贫效果的提升在规模上的控制比在资源配置和利用上的控制存在更大的改善空间;第三,DEA无效的省份中规模收益全部属于递减状态,体现了规模和投入的合理配置对于提升扶贫活动效果的重要意义。

In order to make up for the subjectivity of the qualitative analysis on industrial poverty alleviation in previous studies,this paper uses the BBC-DEA model to determine input and output indicators from the perspective of poverty reduction,income,infrastructure,education,and environmental sanitation,to build an industrial poverty alleviation effect evaluation index system and quantitatively analyze the panel data of the 21 provinces in China from 2014 to 2017.The research findings show that:First,the effect of China's industrial poverty alleviation is relatively significant,and the performance of industrial poverty alleviation in the poor areas in the south is significantly better than that in the poor areas in the north.The poverty alleviation performance in the eastern region is stable,and the poverty alleviation performance in the western region is relatively significant but volatility.The poverty alleviation performance in the central region is not significant.Second,the provinces with ineffective DEA account for the vast majority,and the low scale efficiency is the main reason for the inefficiency of the overall industrial poverty alleviation.It shows that the improvement of industrial poverty alleviation has greater room for improvement in the control of scale than the control of resource allocation and utilization Third,the scale income of the provinces with invalid DEA belongs to the declining state,which reflects the importance of allocating the scale and input to improve the effectiveness of poverty alleviation activities.