基于Pathfinder的特殊地铁站点人群紧急疏散模拟

Simulation on emergency evacuation of crowd in special subway station based on Pathfinder

为了保障地铁安全运营,提高突发事件发生后人员疏散的效率,基于实际地铁站的尺寸和载客量,利用Pathfinder软件对北京市某特殊地铁站进行建模;结合站点内不同时间段的人流特征,分析站点内可能存在的不利工况,并对各类工况进行仿真模拟。结果表明:地铁站点内疏散的瓶颈区域为站台和站厅连接处的楼梯口;早高峰时期列车满员时,候车人数超过200需要采取限流措施;晚高峰时期列车人数在1056左右时,候车人数超过576需增加引导人员限制人员流动。研究成果可为特殊地铁站点的疏散通道设计和日常的人流安全管理提供理论依据。

In order to guarantee the safe operation of subway and improve the efficiency of personnel evacuation after the emergencies,based on the sizes and passenger capacity of the actual subway station,the modeling on a special subway station in Beijing was carried out by using the Pathfinder software.Combined with the passenger flow characteristics in the station at different time periods,the unfavorable conditions that might exit in the station were analyzed,and the simulation on various conditions was conducted.The results showed that the bottleneck area of evacuation in the subway station was the staircase entrance at the junction of platform and the hall.When the train is full during the morning rush hour,more than 200 passengers will need to take measures to limit the flow.In the evening rush hour,when the number of train passengers is around 1056,more than 576 people need to be added to guide personnel to limit the flow of people.The results can provide theoretical basis for the design of evacuation passageway and the daily safety management of passenger flow in the special subway stations.