福建某矿区周边土壤重金属来源及污染评价

Source Analysis and Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soils Around a Mining Area in Fujian Province

为全面了解某矿区周边土壤中重金属的污染特征及生态风险状况,采集了22个土壤样品,测定其Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Ni、Cr、As和Hg的含量,分析重金属的主要来源,并对重金属污染的潜在生态风险进行评价。结果表明:除Zn和Hg外,其他重金属的平均含量超过福建省土壤元素背景值;相关分析与聚类分析的结果基本一致,Cu、As和Pb可能主要来源于交通运输污染;Ni和Cr可能与矿开采和冶炼过程引发的污染有关;Cd可能由工业排放所引起;Hg主要来源于成土母质自然因素;Zn主要来源于成土母质自然因素和交通污染;通过比较三种评价方法的综合结果,土壤受到重金属污染,且Cd、Cu和As为污染指示元素。

To investigate the pollution characteristics,sources and ecological risk of heavy metals in soils around a mining area,22 surface soil samples were collected to determine heavy metals(Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Ni、Cr、As and Hg)concentrations.The main pollution sources were analyzed.The potential ecological risks of the heavy metals pollution were also evaluated.The results showed that the mean concentrations of heavy metals(except Zn and Hg)exceeded the background values of Fujian Province.The results of correlation analysis and cluster analysis are basically the same,Cu,As and Pb may mainly originate from the transportation pollution;Ni and Cr may be related to pollution caused by mining and smelting processes;Cd may be caused by industrial emissions;Hg is mainly derived from the natural factors of soil parent material;Zn is mainly derived from the natural factors of soil parent material and transportation pollution;By comparing the comprehensive results of the three evaluation methods,the soil was polluted by heavy metals,and Cd,Cu and As were pollution indicators.