儿茶素对草鱼生长性能、血清抗氧化指标和肌肉品质的影响

Effects of Catechin on Growth Performance,Serum Anti-Oxidation Indicators and Muscle Quality of Grass Carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)

本试验旨在研究儿茶素对草鱼生长性能、血清抗氧化指标和肌肉品质的影响。试验选取平均体质量为(18.5±0.2)g的草鱼360尾,随机分为6组,分别饲喂在基础饲料中添加0(对照组)、0.1、0.3、0.5、0.7和0.9 g/kg儿茶素的6种饲料,每组3个重复,每个重复20尾。试验期60 d。结果表明:1)随着儿茶素的添加,各组间鱼体增重率和饲料系数无显著差异(P>0.05),添加0.5、0.7和0.9 g/kg儿茶素显著提高了鱼体肥满度(P<0.05),显著降低了血清丙二醛含量(P<0.05)。除0.1 g/kg组外,其余各儿茶素添加组血清超氧化物歧化酶活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),各组间在血清碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢脱氢酶活性上无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)在肌肉游离氨基酸和脂肪酸组成方面,0.5、0.7 g/kg组的总氨基酸、呈味氨基酸含量和C20∶5、n⁃3不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。3)各组间在肌肉水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分含量及肌肉质构特性、肌肉失水率以及肌纤维密度和直径上差异均不显著(P>0.05),但0.7和0.9 g/kg组的肌肉胶原蛋白含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。上述结果显示,儿茶素对草鱼生长性能没有显著影响,可提高血清抗氧化能力,在一定程度上改善肌肉品质。草鱼饲料中儿茶素的推荐添加量为0.5~0.7 g/kg。

To investigate the effects of catechin on the growth performance,anti⁃oxidation indicators and mus⁃cle quality of grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella),a total of 360 grass carp with an initial body weight of(18.5±0.2)g were selected and randomly divided into six groups,fed six diets with 0(control diet),0.1,0.3,0.5,0.7,0.9 g/kg catechin,respectively,with three replicates per group and 20 fish per replicate.The experimental period was 60 d.The results showed as follows:1)the weight gain and feed conversion ratio showed no significant difference among groups(P>0.05),while the condition factor was significantly in⁃creased and serum malondialdehyde(MDA)content was significantly decreased by the addition of 0.5 and 0.7 g/kg catechin(P<0.05).Dietary catechin significantly increased serum superoxide gasification enzyme(SOD)activity(P<0.05)except the addition of 0.1 g/kg catechin,while alkaline phosphatase(AKP)and hydrogen peroxide dehydrogenase(CAT)activities showed no significant difference among groups(P>0.05).2)The inclusion of 0.5 and 0.7 g/kg catechin significantly increased the total free amino acids and the deli⁃cious free amino acids contents in muscle,and the C20∶5 and polyunsaturated fatty acids(n⁃3PUFA)contents were also significantly increased compared with the control group(P<0.05).3)No significant differences were observed in muscle proximate composition,texture characteristics,water⁃holding capacity and muscle his⁃tology among all groups(P>0.05),but muscle collagen content was significantly increased by the addition of 0.7 and 0.9 g/kg catechin(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary catechin has no significant effect on growth per⁃formance,but can improve the serum anti⁃oxidant ability and muscle quality of grass carp,and the recommen⁃ded addition of catechin are 0.5 to 0.7 g/kg.