飞轮储能系统用超导电磁混合磁悬浮轴承设计

Integration Design of High-Temperature Superconducting Bearing and Electromagnetic Thrust Bearing for Flywheel Energy Storage System

提出一种将径向超导磁轴承和轴向电磁轴承集成于一体的混合磁悬浮轴承结构设计,用于超导飞轮储能系统中支撑飞轮转子。利用多物理场仿真软件Comsol对超导径向磁悬浮轴承悬浮力进行仿真计算,在电磁轴承定子铁心内环内径、外环外径参数已知的条件下利用Ansys Maxwell软件以电磁力最大为目标对结构参数进行优化设计,并分析了超导和电磁轴承关键性能参数的相互影响,试制原理样机,测量悬浮力并比较了其优势。测量结果表明,利用超导轴承的自稳定性可减小混合轴承悬浮力合力随气隙增大而减小的速率,降低电磁轴承控制器的响应速率,将液氮作为冷却介质可有效解决电磁轴承线圈的发热问题,集成结构设计可提高磁悬浮轴承的悬浮力体积比,验证了其有效性。

A structure design of hybrid magnetic bearing(HMB),which integrates radial type superconducting magnetic bearing(SMB)with axial type active electromagnetic bearing(AMB),was proposed to sustain the flywheel rotor of the superconducting flywheel energy storage system.The levitation force was simulated using the multi-physical field analysis software Comsol.Under the condition of definite outer-diameter of outer ring and inner–diameter of inner ring of the stator parameters,the optimal structure parameters of the electromagnetic bearing were designed with the goal of maximum magnetic force using the finite element software Ansys Maxwell.And the influence of key performance parameters between the SMB and AMB were also analyzed.The prototype was developed,the measurement experiments were conducted and the advantages were compared with other schemes.The results show that making use of SMB’s self-stabilization,the change rate of HMB levitation force with air-gap increase and the response rate of the AMB controller can be reduced;the heat of AMB coils can be effectively dissipated by taking liquid nitrogen as cooling medium;the integration structure design can improve the levitation force-to-volume ratio.And the effectiveness is validated.