高密度聚乙烯/铅硼复合材料屏蔽性能和力学性能研究

Study on Shielding and Mechanical Properties of High Density Polyethylene/Lead-boron Composite

研究了高密度聚乙烯/铅硼复合材料的屏蔽性能和力学性能,通过屏蔽仿真比较了密度及碳化硼(B4C)含量对屏蔽性能的影响,通过试验比较了B4C含量对屏蔽性能、弯曲强度及冲击强度的影响。仿真结果表明,随聚乙烯/铅硼复合材料密度升高,快中子屏蔽性能下降,热中子屏蔽性能和γ屏蔽性能提高;保持聚乙烯/铅硼复合材料密度不变,随B4C含量的提高,中子屏蔽性能提高而γ屏蔽性能下降;实验数据表明,随B4C含量的升高,高密度聚乙烯/铅硼材料的快中子屏蔽性能、热中子屏蔽性能升高,γ屏蔽系数下降,冲击强度和弯曲强度下降明显,屏蔽性能测试结果和仿真结果规律性相符;综合仿真结果和实验数据表明,含B4C 2%左右的高密度聚乙烯/铅硼复合材料同时具有较好的屏蔽性能和力学性能。

The shielding properties and mechanical properties of high density polyethylene/lead-boron composite were studied.The effects of density and B4C content on shielding performance are compared by shielding simulation,and the effects of B4C content on shielding performance,bending strength and impact strength are compared by experiments.The simulation results showed that the thermal neutron shielding performance and gamma shielding performance increases,yet the fast neutron shielding performance decreases with the improved of the density of polyethylene/lead‑boron composite.The neutron shielding performance decreases with the increase of B4C content while keeping the density of composite unchanged.The experimental data show that with the increase of B4C content,the fast neutron shielding performance and thermal neutron shielding performance of polyethylene/lead-boron composite decrease,while the gamma shielding coefficient increases,but the overall change is not obvious;the impact strength and the bending strength of the material decreases obviously.The simulation results and experimental data show that the high density polyethylene/lead-boron composite containing about 2%B4C has better shielding performance and mechanical properties meanwhile.