标准桃金娘油减轻PM2.5致大鼠气道黏液纤毛的损伤

Myrtol standardized reduces the damage of PM2. 5 exposure on mucosal cilia in rat airway

目的观察大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)致大鼠气道黏液纤毛清除系统的损伤作用及标准桃金娘油干预的影响。方法将大鼠分成对照组(N组)、PM2.5暴露组(PM组)、标准桃金娘油干预组(PM+CS组),分别予以吸入净化空气、暴露石家庄室外空气(PM2.5浓度的范围29.90 mg/m^3~99.65 mg/m^3)、标准桃金娘油混悬液300 mg/(kg·d)灌胃。于3和6个月各处死大鼠8只,气管及肺组织行HE和AB-PAS染色;扫描电镜观察纤毛超微结构;计数BALF中细胞及分类;RT-qPCR测定黏蛋白(MUC)5AC mRNA和水通道蛋白(AQP)5 mRNA表达;免疫组化、Western blot测定MUC5AC蛋白表达。结果PM组肺及气管组织炎性损伤及黏液细胞化生明显;气管纤毛黏连、倒伏及缺失、排列稀疏、紊乱,BALF中白细胞总数、中性粒细胞计数和中性粒细胞百分比显著高于N组(P<0.05);MUC5AC mRNA相对表达量显著高于N组(P<0.05);AQP5 mRNA相对表达量显著低于N组(P<0.05);MUC5AC蛋白表达显著高于N组(P<0.05)。与PM组相比,标准桃金娘油可减轻上述损伤作用(P<0.05)。结论标准桃金娘油可通过减轻PM2.5致大鼠的纤毛结构损伤、黏液高分泌和炎性损伤作用,对黏液纤毛清除系统起保护作用。

Objective To investigate the damage effect of fine particulate matter(PM2.5)exposure on mucociliary clearance,and analyze the effect of myrtol standardized on it.Methods Rats were divided into control group(group N),PM2.5 exposure group(group PM)and myrtol standardized group(group PM+CS).Rats were respectively given inhalation to filtered clean air indoor,exposure to ambient air of Shijiazhuang city(the range of PM2.5 concentration from 29.90 mg/m^3 to 99.65 mg/m^3)and gavage of myrtol standardized suspension 300 mg/(kg·d).Eight rats in each group were sacrificed after 3 months and 6 months.The lung and tracheal tissues were stained with HE and ABPAS.The ultrastructure of cilia was observed by scanning electron microscope.The number of total cells,neutrophil count and classification in the BALF were detected by microscopy.The gene expression level of MUC5 AC and AQP5 in pulmonary tissue were measured by real-time PCR.The protein expressional level of MUC5 AC in lung tissue was respectively measured by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results In the PM groups,inflammatory injury and myxocyte metaplasia of lung and tracheal tissues were obvious,and tracheal cilia were adhesive,lodging and absent,sparse and disordered.The total number of white blood cells and percentage of neutrophils in BALF were significantly higher than those in N groups(P<0.05).The expression of MUC5 AC mRNA and MUC5 AC protein in PM groups was higher than that in N groups(P<0.05),but the relative expression of AQP5 mRNA in PM groups was significantly lower than that in N groups(P<0.05).Compared with PM group,myrtol standardized can reduce the above damage effect(P<0.05).Conclusions Myrtol standardized can protect the mucociliary clearance system in rats by reducing the damage of cilia structure,hypersecretion of mucus and inflammatory damage caused by PM2.5.