社会公共利益与强制性规定在无效合同认定中的适用关系

On the Application of Social Public Interests and Mandatory Provisions in the Determination of Invalid Contracts

我国《合同法》第五十二条规定了合同无效制度,其中第四项与第五项的使用颇具争议,两者的适用关系也是学界和司法实践关注的焦点。由于最高人民法院对强制性规定的限缩解释,所以当合同违反低位阶法律时,往往出现法官同案不同判的现象,造成裁判实践的混乱。因此,解决问题的关键就是明确界定强制性规定与社会公共利益规范在无效合同认定中的适用关系。文章通过案例分析,总结出合同无效制度的适用体系,以解决司法实践中合同无效判断标准不明确的问题。

Article 52 of China’s Contract Law provides for an invalid contract system. The use of items 4 and 5 is quite controversial. The application relationship between the two is also the focus of academic and judicial practice.Due to the limited interpretation of the Supreme Court on compulsory regulations,when a contract violates a lower-ranking law,the phenomenon that judges judge different cases in the same case often occurs,resulting in confusion in the practice of adjudication. Therefore,the key to solving the problem is to clearly define the applicable relationship between mandatory regulations and social public interest norms in the determination of invalid contracts.The article analyzes the case and summarizes the applicable system of the invalid contract system to solve the problem of unclear contract invalidity judgment standards in judicial practice.