电子商务平台限定交易行为的竞争法分析

Competition Law Analysis of Exclusive Dealing of E-commerce Platform

最近几年,电子商务平台限定交易行为趋于常态化和复杂化。这种限定交易行为可能构成不正当竞争行为,也可能构成滥用优势地位行为,还可能构成滥用市场支配地位行为或者垄断协议。实践中,限定交易行为可以为作为竞争一般法的《反不正当竞争法》《反垄断法》和作为竞争特别法的《电子商务法》分别调整,而适用难度则逐渐提升。但在具体适用时,各法律均有不足之处,三者之间也均缺乏体系性的解决方案,这会导致法律适用的“厚此薄彼”和执法的两极分化等问题。为了克服实践中的问题,同时实现法律适用的统一,应以平台经营者限定交易行为的损害对象为依据,确立《反不正当竞争法》《电子商务法》和《反垄断法》统一适用的规则体系。

In recent years,exclusive dealing of e-commerce platform tends to be normalized and complicated,which may constitute unfair competition,abuse of superior bargaining position,abuse of market dominant position or monopoly agreement.In practice,the exclusive dealing can be adjusted respectively by the Antiunfair Competition Law,the Anti-monopoly Law as the general competition law and the E-commerce Law as the special competition law,while the difficulty of application is gradually increased.However,in the specific application,each law has its own shortcomings,and there is a lack of systematic solutions among them,which will lead to problems such as the“Thick one Thin one”of law application and the polarization of law enforcement.In order to overcome the problems in practice and realize the unification of the application of law,we suggest to establish a unified rule system of Anti-unfair Competition Law,the E-commerce Law and the Anti-monopoly Law on the basis of the damage objects of the exclusive dealing of platform operators.