老年少肌性肥胖的患病率及其肌力和肌功能的调查

Survey of Sarcopenic Obesity Morbidity, Muscle Strength and Function in the Elderly

目的调查上海地区老年人少肌性肥胖患病率及其肌力、肌功能。方法复旦大学附属华东医院体检中心和周边社区786例年龄≥60岁老年人,平均年龄(72.1±8.0)岁,其中男性337例,女性449例。分为3个年龄段,60~69岁组,70~79岁组,80岁及以上组。入选受试者均完成身高、体重、握力、4 m步速测量,采用Inbody720人体成分分析仪检测全身骨骼肌肌量(SMM)、获得四肢骨骼肌肌量(ASM)、体脂肪百分比,并计算四肢骨骼肌指数(SMI,ASM/height2)。研究采用标准:肌量低下:SMI,男性<7.0 kg/m2,女性<5.7 kg/m2;肥胖:体脂百分比男性≥25%、女性≥30%;两者合并为少肌性肥胖;肌力低下:握力男性<27 kg,女性<16 kg;肌功能低下:4 m步速≤0.8m/s。结果1.不同性别老年人BMI差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);体重、身高、SMM、ASM、SMI、握力男性高于女性(P<0.05),体脂百分比、4 m步速女性高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2.老年人群少肌性肥胖患病率男性23.1%,女性18.3%。并随年龄增加而增加,尤其是女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3.少肌性肥胖人群的握力和4 m步速低于其他人群。结论少肌性肥胖随年龄增加患病率增加,女性尤为明显。少肌性肥胖人群肌力和肌功能低于其他人群。

Objective To investigate the sarcopenic obesity morbidity,the muscle strength and function in the elderly in Shanghai.Methods 786 elderly from physical examination center in Huadong Hospital and surrounding communities were enrolled(337 men and 449 women,average age:72.1±&0 years)and were divided into 3 groups:60 years old group(aged from 60 to 69 years),69 years old group(aged from 70 to 79 years),80 years old group(aged at or over 80 years);the height,weight,grip strength and 4-meter gait speed of cases were measured;the InBody 720 body composition analyzer was applied in the measurement of skeletal muscle mass(SSM),and so as to get appendicular skeletal muscle mass(ASM),the percentage of body fat and skeletal muscle mass index(SMI,ASM/height2)were calculated;the standards adopted in the investigation were as follows:low muscle mass:SMI<7.0 kg/m2 for male and<5.7 kg/m2 for female;obesity:percentage of body fat mass m 25%for male and m 30%for female,sarcopenic obesity was diagnosed with the combination of the above two;low muscle strength:grip strength V 27 kg for male and<16 kg for female;low muscle function:4-meter gait speed w0.8m/s.Results 1.There existed no statistical difference in BMIs between males and females(P>0.05);weight,height,grip strength,ASM,SMM and SMI were significantly higher in males than those in females(P<0.05)while the percentage of body fat mass and 4-meter gait speed in females were higher than those in males(P v 0.05);2.sarcopenic obesity morbidity was 23.1%in males and 18.3%in females,which grew up with aging,especially in females,and the difference was of statistical significance(P<0.05);3.The grip strength and 4-meter gait speed of the elderly with sarcopenic obesity were lower than those of others(P<0.05).Conclusions The morbidity of sarcopenic obesity increases with age,which is more common in elderly women;cases with sarcopenic obesity are of lower muscle strength and weaker muscle function than others.