西藏日喀则地区老年轻度认知损害患者的中医证型分布特点和影响因素分析

Distribution Characteristics of TCM Syndromes and Influencing Factors in the Elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Shigatse Prefecture, Tibet

目的探讨西藏日喀则地区老年轻度认知损害(MCI)患者的中医证型分布特点和影响因素。方法2018年6月-2019年8月,选取MCI患者132例,对其人口学资料进行调查,检测简易精神状态检查(MMSE)、照顾者负担量表(ZBI)、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)、日常生活活动(ADL)及中医证型积分。结果中医证型中瘀血阻络最多,其次为肾精亏虚、痰浊阻窍、气血亏虚、肝阳上亢、热毒内盛和腑滞浊流。阅读和交际与MMSE呈正相关,ZBI与MMSE呈负相关,经济与MMSE、MoCA呈正相关,认知功能与年龄、文化程度、职业类型、MCI确诊时间和基础疾病等无相关性。结论日喀则地区MCI患者中医证型以瘀血阻络最多,认知功能与中医证型无相关性,但阅读和交际对防治MCI具有积极作用。

Objective To explore the distribution characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndromes and the influencing factors in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment(MCI)in Shigatse prefecture,Tibet.Methods 132 cases with MCI in Shigatse prefecture were enrolled and their demographic data were studied;the indices of mini-mental state examination(MMSE),Zarit burden interview(ZBI),Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA),activity of daily living(ADL)and TCM Syndrome Score were detected.Results The most common TCM symptom was obstruction of collaterals by blood stasis and then were deficiency of the kidney essence,phlegm obstructing orifices,deficiency of qi and blood,liver-yang hyperactivity,heat-poison in the interior and down-flow of zuo qi induced by fu dysfunction;reading and communication functions were positively correlated with MMSE scores;the scores of ZBI and MMSE were in negative correlation;economic condition was positively correlated with MMSE and MoCA;cognitive function was in no correlation with age,education degree,occupation,time of confirmed diagnosis of MCI and underlying diseases.Conclusion The most common TCM syndrome in MCI cases in Shigatse prefecture is obstruction of collaterals by blood stasis;there is no significant correlation between cognitive function of MCI cases and TCM syndromes;reading and communication is of positive effect on the prevention and treatment of MCI.