论明代初年明王朝对乌蒙山彝族土司地区的治策变化

The policy changes of Yi nationality Tusi region in Wumeng mountain in the early Ming dynasty

洪武十四年,明太祖命傅友德、蓝玉等人率军南下平定云南。川滇黔三省毗邻之处的彝族土司本受任于元朝,随着明军的到来,他们在短暂的抵抗后一一归附。但由于明朝在土司统治地区直接设立卫所派驻军队,激化了明廷与土司的关系,当地少数民族再次反抗明朝的统治。军事行动失败、粮饷馈运不足、民族关系紧张等多重因素使得明廷最终放弃了军事进驻的计划,转而将军队沿道路分守,在土司地区设置流官,传播儒学,使得该地区免于遭受长期战火波及,从长远来说有利于该地区的经济发展和民族融合。

In 1381,Emperor Taizu of the Ming dynasty ordered Fu Youde and Lan Yu to lead his troops to pacify Yunnan province.Yi chieftains in the adjacent provinces of Sichuan,Yunnan and Guizhou were originally commissioned by the Yuan dynasty.With the arrival of the Ming army,they surrendered one by one after a short resistance.However,the relationship between the Ming dynasty and the chieftain was intensified because the Ming dynasty directly set up military offices in the chieftain ruling areas,and the local minorities once again rebelled against the rule of the Ming dynasty.Due to the failure of military action,the shortage of food and supplies,the tension of ethnic relations and other factors,the Ming government finally gave up the plan of military garrison,but divided the army along the road,developed the field,spread Confucianism,so that the region was not affected by the long-term war.In the long run,it is conducive to the economic development and ethnic integration of the region.