高强度耐候钢及其在桥梁中的应用与前景

High strength weathering steel and its application and prospect in bridge engineering

为了解高强度耐候钢的性能及其桥梁中的技术应用,首先总结当前国内外高强度耐候钢在桥梁工程应用的研究进展和成果,回顾了耐候钢技术的发展历程.然后,分析了高强度耐候钢的腐蚀机理、腐蚀环境、抗腐蚀性能以及各种腐蚀评估方法;归纳总结了高强度耐候钢的焊接性能,以及耐候钢的腐蚀疲劳性能与评估方法.最后,阐述了高强度耐候钢在国内外桥梁工程中的应用以及中国高强度耐候钢的试验状况.分析结果表明:虽然中国的耐候钢技术有较大发展,但中国的耐候钢桥梁技术还处于萌芽阶段;耐候钢桥梁在腐蚀作用下的强度、稳定和疲劳问题将成为今后的研究方向;关键部位采用新焊接技术可保证耐候钢桥梁的疲劳强度;中国高强度耐候钢未腐蚀状态下的疲劳和力学性能满足桥梁建设要求,腐蚀状态下高强度耐候钢的疲劳性能和力学性能有待深入研究;基于电化学腐蚀和断裂力学的腐蚀疲劳模型可用于高强度耐候钢的腐蚀疲劳寿命评估.

To understand the performance of high strength weathering steel(HSWS)and its technical application in bridge engineering,this paper first summarizes the research progress and achievement of weathering steel(WS)applied to bridge engineering at home and abroad,and reviews the development history of the WS technology.Then,the corrosion mechanism,corrosive environment,and corrosion resistance of HSWS,as well as the corrosion evaluation methods are analyzed.Moreover,the weld performance of HSWS,and the corrosion⁃fatigue(C⁃F)performance and evaluation methods of WS are summarized.Finally,the application of HSWS to bridge engineering and the test situations of Chinese HSWS are elaborated.Analysis result indicates that although the technology of Chinese WS has achieved great improvement,the technology of Chinese WS bridges is still in an embryonic stage.Study on strength,stabilization,and fatigue of WS bridges under corrosion effect will be the future research orientation.The fatigue strength of WS bridges can be promoted by utilizing new weld technology to critical part.The fatigue and mechanics performance of Chinese HSWS can meet the requirement of bridge construction,and those of corroded HSWS are worth in⁃depth study.In addition,C⁃F model based on electrochemistry corrosion and fracture mechanics can be utilized to evaluate the C⁃F life of HSWS.