老年2型糖尿病合并脑梗塞的病变特点及相关危险因素探讨

Study on Pathological Features and Related Risk Factors of Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Complicated with Cerebral Infarction

目的分析老年T2DM(2型糖尿病)合并脑梗塞的病变特点及相关危险因素。方法纳入该院2014年7月-2018年7月收治的76例老年脑梗塞患者,根据是否合并T2DM,分为研究组(老年T2DM合并脑梗塞,38例)、对照组(单纯脑梗塞,38例),对比两组脑梗死病变类型、生化指标,线性回归多因素分析老年T2DM合并脑梗塞的危险因素。结果研究组脑梗死病变类型:10例大片性、12例多灶性、10例腔隙性、4例混合性、2例再发性;对照组4例大片性、5例多灶性、5例腔隙性、14例混合性、10例再发性。两组脑梗死病变类型对比差异有统计学意义(χ^2=-4.408 P=0.000<0.05)。研究组TG、CH、HbAIc、PGB、FBG分别是(2.76±0.25)mmol/L、(5.77±0.62)mmol/L、(9.86±1.14)%、(13.82±2.62)mmol/L、(9.28±0.66)mmol/L;对照组分别是(2.01±0.11)mmol/L、(5.06±0.34)mmol/L、(5.25±0.84)%、(7.26±0.61)mmol/L、(5.21±0.11)mmol/L,TG、CH、HbAIc、PGB、FBG指标研究组均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=16.927、6.190、20.068、15.032、37.220,P<0.05)。TG、CH、HbAIc为老年T2DM合并脑梗塞的危险因素,差异有统计学意义(t=0.001、0.021、0.024,P<0.05)。结论老年T2DM合并脑梗塞病变特点以大片、多灶性、腔隙性为主,危险因素是TG、CH、HbAIc,应当引起临床重视。

Objective To analyze the pathological characteristics and related risk factors of elderly patients with T2 DM(type 2 diabetes)complicated with cerebral infarction.Methods 76 elderly patients with cerebral infarction treated in the hospital from July 2014 to July 2018 were divided into study group(senile T2 DM with cerebral infarction,38 cases)and control group(simple cerebral infarction,38 cases).Compare the two types of cerebral infarction lesion types,biochemical indicators,and linear regression multivariate analysis of risk factors for elderly T2 DM with cerebral infarction.Results The types of cerebral infarction in the study group were:10 cases of large infarction,12 cases of multifocal,10 cases of lacunar,4 cases of mixed,2 cases of recurrence;the control group of 4 cases of massive,5 cases of multifocal,5 Laparoscopic,14 mixed,10 recurrent.There was a difference in the types of cerebral infarction between the two groups,the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=-4.408,P=0.000<0.05).The study group TG,CH,HbAIc,PGB,and FBG were(2.76±0.25)mmol/L,(5.77±0.62)mmol/L,(9.86±1.14)%,(13.82±2.62)mmol/L,and(9.28±0.66)mmol/L;the control group was(2.01±0.11)mmol/L,(5.06±0.34)mmol/L,(5.25±0.84)%,(7.26±0.61)mmol/L,(5.21±0.11)mmol/L,TG,CH,HbAIc,PGB,FBG index study groups were significantly higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(t=16.927,6.190,20.068,15.032,37.220,P<0.05).TG,CH,HbAIc were risk factors for elderly T2 DM with cerebral infarction,the difference was statistically significant(t=0.001,0.021,0.024,P<0.05).Conclusion The characteristics of elderly patients with T2 DM complicated with cerebral infarction are mainly large,multifocal and lacunar.The risk factors are TG,CH,and HbAIc,which should be taken seriously clinically.