沈阳地区高校宿舍供暖前后人体热舒适实地调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis of Human Thermal Comfort During Heating and Non-heating Periods in University Dormitories in Shenyang Area

目的研究沈阳地区供暖前后高校宿舍热环境状况,提出供暖相关建议,缓解室内供暖温度高,浪费能源的现象.方法采用现场测试与问卷调查相结合的方式对室内物理环境参数进行实测同时对受试者展开主观问卷调查;分别建立不同阶段室内温度与实际平均热感觉投票结果MTS、预测平均热感觉投票结果PMV的线性模型,对比分析不同研究阶段预测平均热感觉投票与实际平均热感觉投票间的偏离关系及不同研究阶段下受试者预测中性温度及实际中性温度间的差值.结果通过问卷统计发现部分高校寝室室内温度高于标准建议最高温度上限;计算结果表明:在供暖阶段人体感觉舒适的实际热中性温度均低于室内空气温度,预测中性温度均高于实际中性温度.结论沈阳地区高校宿舍冬季供暖阶段室内温度过高,可适当降低温度以达到节能的目的,实际平均热感觉与预测平均热感觉间存在较大偏差,在实际应用中应根据不同地区对PMV模型进行修正.

This paper was proposed for heating guideline to avoid energy waste resulting in high indoor temperature.The thermal conditions of university dormitories during heating and nonheating periods were invesitgated by field test and questionnaire surveys,and the linear models of indoor temperature and actual average thermal sensation voting MTS and PMV in different stages were established respectively.By comparing and analyzing the deviation relationship between the predicted mean thermal sensation vote and the actual mean thermal sensation vote in different study stages,and the difference between the predicted neutral temperature and the actual neutral temperature in different study stages,the indoor temperature of some university dormitories is higher than that of the upper limit of the recommended maximum temperature according to the questionnaire results.The calculation results showed that during the heating period,the thermal temperature that the body feels comfortable is lower than the indoor temperature,and the predicted temperature is higher than the measured temperature.The indoor temperature of university dormitory in Shenyang area is too high in winter during heating period,and the temperature can be lowered appropriately to save energy.There is a big deviation between the surveyed average thermal sensation and the predicted average thermal sensation,therefore,the PMV model should be modified when applying to different regions.