四川省超积累植物的种类组成与区系特征

Species Composition and Floristic Characteristics of Hyperaccumulatorsin Sichuan Province

为重金属污染土壤的植物修复筛选种质资源,以《四川植物志》为基础,结合实地调查,探讨了四川省超积累植物的种类组成、生活型及其区系特征.结果表明:四川省超积累植物有139种,隶属于48科117属,其中入侵植物13种;这些超积累植物的生活型包括乔木、灌木、草本和藤本植物,可富集Pb、Cd、As、Cu、Mn、Zn、Al、Cr等重金属,其中以富集重金属Pb和Cd为主;四川省超富集植物的分布区类型复杂,科的分布区类型有4个类型3个亚型,属的分布区类型有12个类型和14个亚型,科和属的区系特征均表现出从热带、亚热带向温带过渡的特征,世界分布是四川省超积累植物的主要区系成分.本研究结果表明,四川省超积累植物种类丰富,生活型复杂,区系类型多样,且分布广泛、适应能力强,在重金属污染土壤的植物修复中具有较大的潜力.

In order to select germplasm resources for phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils,the species composition,the life forms and the floristic characteristics of hyperaccumulators in Sichuan province were studied based on Sichuan flora and field investigation.The results showed that there were 139 species of hyperaccumulators in Sichuan province,belonging to 48 families and 117 genera,in which including 13 invasive species.The life forms of these plants included trees,shrubs,herbs and lianas.They can accumulate Pb,Cd,As,Cu,Mn,Zn,Al,Cr and other heavy metals,especially Pb and Cd.The areal types of families were divided into 4 areal-types and 3 subtypes and genera belong to 12 areal types and 14 subtypes.These complex floristic characteristics showed the features of transition from tropical and subtropical to temperate zones,and widespread families and genera are principle part of hyperaccumulators in Sichuan province.These results suggested that the hyperaccumulators in Sichuan province had rich species,complex life types and diverse flora types,and were widely distributed and adaptability.These plants have great potential in phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils.