后增长时代中国的城市收缩:识别与应对

China’s Urban Contraction in the Post-Growth Era: Identification and Response

在经济进入新常态和人口结构性压力逐渐凸显的背景下,城市收缩是中国学界和政策界当前和未来面临的重要议题。中国每年都有相当数量的城市发生一定程度的收缩,这些城市主要分布在中西部地区和劳务输出大省,且多为区域发展中的“外围”城市、传统资源型城市和工业城市。城市收缩的动因可归于人口流失、资本转移和地方官员竞争。政府在应对城市收缩时须因地制宜,若城市尚有复兴可能,则应采取相应对策刺激经济发展,扭转城市的收缩趋势;若无复兴可能,则须转变发展思路,施行“精明收缩”策略。

Under the background of the new normal of economy and the increasing pressure of population structure,urban contrac tion is an important issue for Chinese academic and policy circles at present and in the future.Every year,a considerable number of cit ies in China get shrunk to a certain extent.These cities are mainly distributed in the central and western regions and labor export prov inces,and most of them are"peripheral"cities,traditional resource-based cities and industrial cities in regional development.The causes of urban contraction can be attributed to population loss,capital transfer and competition among local officials.In response to the urban contraction,the government should adjust measures to local conditions.If there is still possibility of urban revival,the govern ment should take corresponding measures to stimulate economic development and reverse the trend of urban contraction.If there is no possibility of urban revival,the government should change its development thinking and implement the"smart contraction"strategy.