传感网支持下的洪涝事件过程监测与准实时服务方法及验证

Flood events process detection and near realtime service based on sensor web

洪涝过程探测与准实时服务对于保障人民生命和财产安全意义重大。通常洪涝探测仅关注洪涝断面/平均状态,缺乏对洪涝从发生、发展乃至最后结束的全过程的整体认知,且洪涝探测和服务被动滞后。本文制定洪涝过程探测规则,改进水位预测模型,并将其作为理论基础,与传感网信息模型和服务接口相结合,提出了洪涝过程动态探测与准实时服务(process-based flood detection and service,PFD&S)方法。以PFD&S方法为基础,设计并开发了PFD&S原型系统,该系统由传感器层、数据接入层、洪涝探测层和用户交互层4层组成,且具备传感器数据发布和洪涝事件订阅两种使用模式。文中以2016年夏季发生在黄汉流域的洪涝事件为例,对PFD&S方法的可行性和有效性进行验证。结果表明,PFD&S方法和系统能够精准判断洪涝事件所处阶段,并根据不同阶段的需求提供水位预测、洪涝预警或洪涝信息统计等服务,且方法具备准实时性和可扩展性特征。

Full life cycle flood detection and service(FD&S)is of great significance to ensuring people’s lives and properties.Flood detection methods generally focuses on the flood section/average state,lack of the overall understanding of the flood process from the occurrence,through the development,and to the end of floods,and the detection and service of floods are passive and lagging.This paper made the flood process detection rule and improved the water level prediction model,which were employed as theoretical foundations,and combined them with sensor web to construct the process-based FD&S(PFD&S)method.Based on the PFD&S method,this paper developed the PFD&S prototype,which consists of the sensor layer,the data access layer,the flood detection layer,and the user interaction layer,and has the two operating modes of data publishing and flood subscription.The floods occurring in the Huanghan basin,Hubei,China in the summer of 2016 were selected as the case studies to test the feasibility and validation of the PFD&S method and prototype.The results demonstrated that the proposed PFD&S method and prototype could precisely determine the flood phases,provide the water level prediction,alert,and information statistics services according to the requirements of different flood phases,and the PFD&S method featured instantaneity and extensibility.