中国、欧盟、非洲三方合作困境探究

The Dilemma of China-EU-Africa Trilateral Cooperation

近十年来,欧盟在非洲事务上越来越多地与中国接触,欧盟委员会提出的中、欧、非三方发展合作揭开了中欧关系的新篇章。本研究通过分析评估中、欧、非三方合作,力图探究合作的发展进程,探讨了三方合作停滞不前的制约因素。欧盟与中国之间截然不同的发展合作模式、在非洲大陆的竞争性利益以及非洲消极被动的参与是三方合作实际进展的障碍。一些欧盟成员国通过在小范围合作领域内建立了务实的中、欧、非合作机制,取得了丰硕成果。这些欧盟成员国与中国在非洲成功的合作,是因为它们和欧盟相比,在方式上更包容,目标上更加务实,值得借鉴参考。

In the last decade,the EU has increasingly engaged with China in African affairs.The trilateral development cooperation proposed by the European Committee is a brand-new start.This study examines the development process of China-EU-Africa cooperation and explores the obstacles to a successful trilateral collaboration.Diametrically different models of development assistance between the EU and China,their competing interests in the African continent,and Africa’s passiveness in cooperation,have proved to be the obstacles to the progress of China-EU-Africa trilateral cooperation.Some EU member states have achieved fruitful results with China and Africa through the establishment of a pragmatic cooperation mechanism in small-scale and specific areas.Their successful engagement with China may be the result of a less normative approach and more pragmatic goal compared with those ofthe EU,thus it is a lesson worthy of reference for the EU and China in their future cooperation.