基于文献量化分析的中国创业政策差异研究——以北京，上海，重庆为例

Research on the Differences of China’s Entrepreneurship Policy Based on Quantitative Analysis of Policy Documents——A case study of Beijing,Shanghai and Chongqing

政府制定合理的创业政策对于创业活动的开展具有重要意义。对中央政府和北京、上海、重庆三市地方政府1994年—2017年间颁布的创业政策进行整理分析,采用政策计量和内容分析方法,对政策文本内外部特征进行分析,描绘中央政府与地方政府、地方政府之间创业政策的差异,进而总结了政策差异与创业发展实践的关系。研究发现:中国创业政策发文时间的初始颁布年份和密集颁布年份存在差异;政策发文单位的层级和部门存在差异;政策工具使用的目标、重点、思路和时间存在差异;不同地区创业政策导向的差异影响了地区创业活动的开展。

The government's formulation of a sound entrepreneurial policy is of great significance for the development of entrepreneurial activities.The central government and the local governments of Beijing,Shanghai and Chongqing were collated and analyzed the entrepreneurial policies promulgated between 1994 and 2017.The policy measurement and content analysis methods were used to analyze the internal and external characteristics of the policy texts,depicting the central government and local governments.The differences in entrepreneurial policies between local governments further summarize the relationship between policy differences and entrepreneurial development practices.The study found that there are differences between the initial promulgation year and the intensive promulgation year of the Chinese entrepreneurship policy;the level and department of the policy issuing unit are different;the objectives,key points,ideas and time of the policy tools are different;the differences in entrepreneurial policy orientation in different regions It has affected the development of regional entrepreneurial activities.