作为产业政策的市场化改革——基于中国的经验

Market-Oriented Reform as Industrial Policy——The Chinese Experience

在改革开放40年间,中国在正规化的产业政策方面拥有丰富的经验。从1978年到世纪之交,正规化的产业政策曾经不受重视。但是,从2006年开始,中国开始出台全新的产业政策举措。然而,在此期间,逐步市场化改革的过程意味着,在实践中,政策正对不同的产业以实现更快速的增长。我们可以轻松回顾,以行业为重点的市场改革过程中的七次“浪潮”。这些观察结果表明了分析产业政策的新路径。

During the 40 year period of“Reform and Opening,”China has had a diverse experience with formalized industrial policy.From 1978 until the turn of the century,the dominant movement was away from formal industrial policy,and then beginning in 2006,China began to embrace new industrial policy initiatives.Yet throughout this period,the process of gradual marketoriented reform meant that in practice policy targeted different sectors for more rapid growth.We can easily identify seven“waves”of sectorally-focused market reforms.These observations suggest new approaches for the analysis of industrial policy.