舌骨形态学与显微结构的观测

Morphology and microstructure observation of hyoid bone

目的通过对22例标本舌骨进行形态学观测及micro-CT扫描,了解其内部骨小梁的结构特点,为舌骨发育情况的判断及临床诊疗提供理论依据。方法肉眼观测22例完整舌骨骨性标本舌骨体与舌骨大角的连接方式,观察舌骨小角的出现率,利用micro-CT对舌骨进行扫描,以观测其内部骨小梁的结构特点并进行重建。结果舌骨以完整连接型为主,占59.09%,单侧分离型占36.36%,双侧分离型占4.55%;舌骨小角的出现率为31.8%;micro-CT扫描可清晰显示舌骨各部分的显微结构,内部骨小梁的分布主要集中于舌骨体两端和舌骨大角前端处,即舌骨体与舌骨大角连接处,并且不论是完整连接型还是单侧分离型,其连接处均存在骨化中心,可见连接处有明显骨化愈合。结论舌骨并不是一个完整的整体结构,根据发育过程可分为完整型、单侧分离型和双侧分离型;micro-CT扫描可以很好地显示舌骨内部骨小梁的结构特点及分布规律,为舌骨的后期研究提供了理论依据。

Objective To find the structural characteristics of bone trabecula in 22 cases of hyoid specimens by morphological observation and micro CT scanning,so as to provide theoretical basis for the evaluation of hyoid development and clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods The connection type between hyoid body and greater cornu of hyoid bone in 22 complete specimens was observed by naked eye,as well as the occurrence rate of lesser cornu of hyoid bone.Then the structural characteristics of the internal bone trabecula were observed and reconstructed by micro-CT.Results The main type of hyoid was complete connection type,which accounted for 59.09%.And the unilateral separation type accounted for 36.36%,while the bilateral separation type accounted for 4.55%.The incidence of lesser cornu of hyoid bone was 31.8%.The microstructure of each part of hyoid could be clearly displayed by micro-CT,and the distribution of internal bone trabecula was mainly concentrated in the two ends of hyoid body and the front end of greater cornu of hyoid bone,namely the junction of hyoid body and greater cornu of hyoid bone.It was found that there were ossification centers at the junction of the complete connection type and the unilateral separation type,indicating obvious ossification healing at the junction.Conclusion The hyoid is not a complete structure.According to the development process,it can be divided into the complete connection type,unilateral separation type and bilateral separation type.Micro CT can show the structural characteristics and distribution of internal trabecula in the hyoid,which provides a theoretical basis for the later study of hyoid.