社区公民身份与农民工的城市社会融入——基于厦门、苏州、东莞、深圳等地的调查

Community Citizenship and Migrant Workers’ Social Inclusion: Based on Surveys in Xiamen, Suzhou, Dongguan and Shenzhen

改革开放以来,随着城乡二元体制松动,经过长期的流动,农民工已经可以在城市实现常住,但是农民工的城市融入状况仍然不容乐观:与市民相比,他们被区别对待,社区公民身份集中体现了这种差异。在梳理社区公民身份相关理论及最新进展的基础上,将社区公民身份分为城市道德素养、社区成员资格、社区参与三个维度,使用多元线性回归方程分析社区公民身份对农民工城市社会融入的影响。研究发现,农民工的社区公民身份与市民相比有差别,在城市中被区别对待,遭遇"外来者""底层者"身份的双重歧视,与市民存在隔离现象。因此,落实农民工的社区公民身份,促进农民工融入城市,是一项不容拖延的任务。

Since the reform and opening up,with the loosening of the dual urban-rural system,after a long period of migration,migrant workers have been able to become long term residents in cities,but the social inclusion of migrant workers is still not optimistic:compared with permanent citizens,they are treated differently and the community citizenship epitomizes this difference.In the study,based on the theories of community citizenship and most recent developments,community citizenship was divided into three dimensions:urban literacy,community membership,and community participation.The method of multiple linear regression was adopted to analyze community citizenship's influence on migrant workers,city inclusion.The result shows that urban literacy,community membership and informal participation of community participation have positive influence on social inclusion.The study found that the community citizenship of migrant workers is different from that of permanent citizens,and they are treated differently in cities,encountering double discrimination of"outsiders"and"people in the bottoms"status,and isolation from citizens.Therefore,providing community citizenship to migrant workers to promote the integration of migrant workers into the city is a task that cannot be delayed.