从挤出到促进：财政支出对社会组织发展的影响

From Crowding-out to Promoting: The Impact of Fiscal Expenditure on the Development of Social Organizations

自从2004年社会建设得到党和国家的高度重视开始,地方政府的公共服务供给方式也从过去的单纯直接提供转向大量购买社会组织服务。如果政府采用直接提供服务的方式,那么政府公共服务财政支出的增加会对社会组织发展产生挤出效应;如果政府采用向社会组织购买公共服务的方式,那么政府公共服务财政支出的增加则会对社会组织的发展产生促进效应。基于2000~2016年的省级面板数据,对地方政府的公共服务财政支出与社会组织发展的关系的分期实证研究结果表明,以2004年国家开始高度重视社会建设为界,二者的关系发生了从挤出效应到促进效应的转变。政府购买服务虽然有助于社会组织数量的增长,但对社会组织自主性和专业性成长带来怎样的影响仍需进一步研究。

Since 2004,the party and the state have attached great importance to social construction,the pattern of public service supply of Chinese government has experienced a transformation from direct supply to external purchase.If the government provides public service directly by itself,then the increase in government public service fiscal expenditure will have a crowding effect on the development of social organizations;however,if the government provides public service by outsourcing and purchasing from social organizations,then the increase in government public service spending will have a promoting effect on it.This paper uses the China provincelevel panel data from 2000 to 2016 to conduct an empirical study on the relationship between local govermnenfs public service fiscal expenditure and social organization development by period.The research results show that the relationship between them has changed from crowding-out effect to promoting effect.Although the government public service outsourcing is conducive to the growth of the number of social organizations,the impact on the autonomy and professionalism of social organizations still needs further study.