益生菌补充剂对断奶仔兔饲料效率、生长性能和微生物种群的影响

Effects of probiotic supplements on feed efficiency,growth performance and microbial population of weaned rabbit

本研究旨在探讨单株或双株益生菌补充剂对断奶仔兔饲料效率、生长性能和微生物数量的影响。试验选择64只28 d断奶(公母各半)新西兰白兔,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复4只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加1×10^6 cfu/g枯草芽孢杆菌(BS组)、1×10^7 cfu/g乳酸菌(LA组)及0.5×106枯草芽孢杆菌+0.5×10^7 cfu/g乳酸菌(BL组)。结果显示:LA组在42 d时体重显著增加(P<0.05),BL组较对照组显著提高日增重和饲料转化率(P<0.05)。LA组和BL组的干物质、有机质、粗蛋白质、中性洗涤纤维、总能量消化率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。公兔回肠内芽孢杆菌和大肠杆菌数量均显著高于雌兔(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,BS组家兔肠道各节段的芽孢杆菌数量均高于对照组(P<0.05),而LA和BL组仔兔肠道乳酸杆菌数量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:日粮单独添加1×107 cfu/g乳杆菌或0.5×10^6 cfu/g枯草杆菌+0.5×10^7 cfu/g乳杆菌可以提高肠道有益菌群数量、营养物质消化率、盲肠发酵、饲料效率和生长性能。此外,仅添加乳杆菌的家兔肠道大肠菌群和粪便评分均有所下降。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of single or double strains of probiotics on feed efficiency,growth performance and microbial quantity of weaned rabbit.Sixty-four New Zealand white rabbits(half male and half female)weaned at 28 d were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 repeats in each group.The control group was fed a basic diet,while the experimental groups were fed with basal diet supplementation of 1×106 cfu/g bacillus subtilis(BS group),1×107 cfu/g lactobacillus(LA group)and 0.5×106 bacillus subtilis+0.5×107 cfu/g lactobacillus(BL group).The results showed that the LA group significantly increased body weight at 42 d(P<0.05),and the BL group significantly increased daily weight gain and feed conversion rate compared with the control group(P<0.05).Dry matter,organic matter,crude protein,neutral washing fiber and total energy digestibility of LA group and BL group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The number of bacillus ileum and Escherichia coli in male rabbits was significantly higher than that in female rabbits(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the number of bacillus in each segment of the intestinal tract of BS group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),while the number of lactobacillus in the intestinal tract of offspring of LA and BL group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:the addition of 1×10^7 cfu/g lactobacillus or 0.5×10^6 cfu/g bacillus subtilis+0.5×10^7 cfu/g lactobacillus can improve the number of beneficial bacteria,nutrient digestibility,caecal fermentation,feed efficiency and growth performance.In addition,the intestinal coliform and fecal score of rabbits with lactobacillus alone decreased.