寒冷条件下肺爆震伤动物模型的建立与评价

Establishment and evaluation of lung blast injury model by Bama minipigs under cold conditions

目的:利用巴马猪建立寒冷条件下的肺爆震伤模型,并进行评价。探索爆震伤的生理、病理变化,为临床研究提供可靠的动物模型。方法:选取9只10月龄健康的巴马猪,随机分为A组(对照组,n=3)、B组(额定压力上限为300kPa,n=3)和C组(额定压力上限为600kPa,n=3),利用自制造模装置产生冲击波,造成肺部爆震伤。通过外表观察、血清学指标检测和病理切片3种方式对模型进行评价。结果:C组部分动物出现呼吸困难、发绀、口鼻处血性泡沫样液体。与A组相比,B组、C组的肿瘤坏死因子和白细胞介素-6水平随着冲击波压力的升高而增高,呈正相关;白细胞介素-10则随着冲击压力的升高而降低,呈负相关,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。B组肺泡出现散在点状出血,C组表现为广泛的肺挫伤,出血量增加,出现典型的"肺大疱"样改变。结论:巴马猪在额定上限为600kPa压力的冲击波下,肺爆震伤症状最为典型。此方法能够为临床研究提供安全、可靠的大动物肺爆震伤模型。

Objective:To establish and evaluate the lung blast injury model by Bama minipigs under cold conditions,to explore the physiological and pathological changes of lung injuries,and to provide a reliable animal model for clinical research.Methods:Nine Bama minipigs were randomly divided into 3 groups:group A(control group,n=3),group B(upper limit of rated pressure:300 kPa,n=3)and group C(upper limit of rated pressure:600 kPa,n=3).Shock wave produced by self-made device could cause lung injuries.The model was evaluated by appearance observation,serological index detection and pathological section.Results:Some animals in group C showed dyspnea,cyanosis and bloody foamy fluid at the mouth and nose.Compared with group A,TNF-αand IL-6 in group B and C were increased when the shock wave pressure increased.IL-10 was reduced when the shock wave pressure increased,it negatively correlated with shock wave pressure,the difference was statistically significant.Group B showed scattered point-like hemorrhage,group C showed extensive pulmonary contusion with increased blood loss and typical"bullous lung"-like changes.Conclusion:The symptoms of pulmonary detonation injury are most typical in Bama minipigs under shock waves with a pressure of 600 kPa.This method can provide a safe and reliable model of lung blast injury in large animals for clinical research.